Abstract The Early to Mid-Holocene transgression, dated between approximately 10,000 and 7000 cal yr BP, inundated a significant part of the coastal areas of Norway. In this paper we compare observations of the amplitude of the transgression with numerical modelling. The observations of the transgression along the coast vary from a couple of meters to more than 20 m, and depend on the distance from the margin of the last ice sheet over Fennoscandia. We reviewed and evaluated the uncertainty of the data, and present here the most reliable observations of the transgression – data derived from the analysis of isolation basins – from 17 locations spread along the Norwegian coast. The numerical model simulates the response of the Earth to the deglaciation and changing sea level and shows that the transgression is mainly a result of the rising sea level and movements of the Earth due to postglacial rebound. Our Earth model consists of two viscous layers overlain by an elastic lithosphere. We found a good match to the observations in southern Norway with a weak effective elastic lithosphere (∼30 km). This is consistent with a previous study of tilt of the raised late glacial shorelines in southwestern Norway. In northern Norway, however, the same Earth model and ice model give significant mismatch to the observations. The best-fit model for northern Norway has a significantly thicker effective elastic lithosphere. An alternative explanation for the mismatch could be a later deglaciation of the Barents Sea than generally assumed or neo-tectonism in the area.

中文翻译：

---

挪威海岸的早中期全新世海侵（磁带）——比较观测与数值模拟

摘要 早到中全新世海侵发生在大约 10,000 到 7000 cal yr BP 之间，淹没了挪威沿海地区的大部分地区。在本文中，我们将海侵幅度的观测结果与数值模拟进行了比较。沿海岸海侵的观测值从几米到 20 多米不等，这取决于距芬诺斯坎​​迪亚最后一个冰盖边缘的距离。我们审查并评估了数据的不确定性，并在此展示了最可靠的海侵观测数据——来自隔离盆地分析的数据——来自分布在挪威海岸的 17 个地点。数值模型模拟了地球对冰消和海平面变化的响应，表明海侵主要是海平面上升和冰后回弹引起地球运动的结果。我们的地球模型由覆盖有弹性岩石圈的两个粘性层组成。我们发现与挪威南部的观测结果非常吻合，有效弹性岩石圈较弱（~30 公里）。这与之前对挪威西南部隆起的晚期冰川海岸线倾斜的研究一致。然而，在挪威北部，相同的地球模型和冰模型使观测结果显着不匹配。挪威北部的最佳拟合模型具有明显更厚的有效弹性岩石圈。