Abstract Ferruginous tropical rocky outcrops such as that of banded iron formations, in Brazil also known as ‘cangas’, are characterized by severe abiotic conditions, such as shallow soils and high temperatures and represent unique hotspots of biodiversity. This study aimed to analyze a metaproteome from a typical canga soil, which may be critical to understanding the mechanisms for the maintenance of ecological processes in such severe environments. We also evaluated the metaproteome of an adjacent forest soil as a reference for protein recovery and identification. We detected 356 different proteins in forest soil and 147 proteins in canga soil, totaling 373 different proteins in the entire study. Higher protein abundance and diversity were found in forest soil, but functional categorization of protein sequences retrieved a higher number of categories in canga. Despite canga soil having less diversity, the species present can tolerate rigorous environmental conditions, as demonstrated by higher levels of stress related proteins, and dominated community assembly. The metaproteomic analysis revealed molecular responses of microorganisms and plants to environmental conditions in both soils, representing powerful tools for molecular description of biodiversity hotspots and providing a functional understanding of marginal environments.

中文翻译：

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元蛋白质组显示铁质热带岩石露头土壤微生物的抗压能力增加

摘要 含铁热带岩石露头，如带状铁层，在巴西也被称为“坎加斯”，其特征是严重的非生物条件，如浅层土壤和高温，代表了独特的生物多样性热点。本研究旨在分析来自典型坎加土壤的宏蛋白质组，这可能对理解在这种恶劣环境中维持生态过程的机制至关重要。我们还评估了相邻森林土壤的宏蛋白质组，作为蛋白质回收和鉴定的参考。我们在森林土壤中检测到 356 种不同的蛋白质，在坎加土壤中检测到 147 种蛋白质，在整个研究中总共检测到 373 种不同的蛋白质。在森林土壤中发现了更高的蛋白质丰度和多样性，但是蛋白质序列的功能分类在 canga 中检索到了更多的类别。尽管坎加土壤的多样性较低，但存在的物种可以耐受严酷的环境条件，如更高水平的压力相关蛋白质和主导群落组装所证明的那样。宏蛋白质组学分析揭示了微生物和植物对两种土壤中环境条件的分子反应，代表了生物多样性热点分子描述的强大工具，并提供了对边缘环境的功能理解。