Appropriate nutrition is a key component of burn treatment and should be regarded as an integral part of the therapeutic process in burn patients. A nutritional intervention plan should not only allow for adequate quantities of energy and protein but also carefully consider the supply of macro- and micronutrients. As a result of the severe inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and hypermetabolic state, accompanied by often extensive exudation in burn patients, there is a considerable loss of macro- and micronutrients, including essential trace elements. This leads to certain complications, involving e.g. more frequent infections and impaired wound healing. Our current body of knowledge is still insufficient, and the studies carried out to date focus for the most part on the imbalances in trace elements, such as copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn). Nevertheless, there are many other trace elements involved in immune functions, regulating gene expression or antioxidant defense, and many of those have not been properly investigated in a clinical setting. Due to the insufficient amount of unambiguous literature data and relatively few, often dated, studies carried out with small patient groups, further evaluation of macro- and microelements in burn patients seems indispensable, e.g. to bring up to date local nutritional protocols.

适当的营养是烧伤治疗的关键组成部分，应被视为烧伤患者治疗过程的一个组成部分。营养干预计划不仅应考虑到足够数量的能量和蛋白质，而且还应仔细考虑宏量和微量营养素的供应。由于严重的炎症反应、氧化应激和代谢亢进状态，伴随着烧伤患者的大量渗出，大量和微量营养素，包括必需的微量元素，会大量流失。这会导致某些并发症，包括更频繁的感染和伤口愈合受损。我们目前的知识体系仍然不足，迄今为止进行的研究大部分集中在微量元素的不平衡上，例如铜 (Cu)、硒 (Se)、和锌（Zn）。然而，还有许多其他微量元素参与免疫功能、调节基因表达或抗氧化防御，其中许多尚未在临床环境中进行适当研究。由于明确的文献数据数量不足，而且在小患者群体中进行的研究相对较少，而且往往过时，因此对烧伤患者的宏量和微量元素的进一步评估似乎是必不可少的，例如更新当地的营养方案。