The increasing relevance of cascade reactions in biocatalysis has sparked a great interest for enzyme co-immobilization. Enzyme co-immobilization allows access to some kinetic advantages that in some instances are necessary to get the desired product, avoiding side-reactions. However, the kinetic effect is very relevant mainly at the initial reaction rates, while it may be less relevant in the whole reaction course, depending on the kinetic parameters of the involved enzymes. This review not only critically discusses the advantages but also the drawbacks of enzymes co-immobilization: immobilization on the same support and surface, under similar conditions, discarding the whole biocatalyst when one of the co-immobilized enzymes is inactivated. We will discuss when co-immobilization is almost compulsory, when the advantages of co-immobilization may not be enough to compensate their problems and when it should be fully discarded. The co-immobilization of cofactors and enzymes bears special interest, as this can open up the opportunity to the building of artificial cells and extremely complex one-pot transformations. Finally, some recent strategies to overcome some the co-immobilization problems will be presented.

生物催化中级联反应的相关性日益增加，引发了对酶共固定化的极大兴趣。酶共固定化允许获得一些动力学优势，在某些情况下，这些优势是获得所需产品所必需的，避免了副反应。然而，动力学效应主要与初始反应速率相关，而在整个反应过程中可能不太相关，这取决于所涉及酶的动力学参数。这篇综述不仅批判性地讨论了酶共固定化的优点，也讨论了其缺点：固定在相同的载体和表面上，在相似的条件下，当其中一个共固定化酶失活时丢弃整个生物催化剂。我们将讨论何时共同固定几乎是强制性的，当共同固定的优势可能不足以弥补他们的问题时，以及何时应该完全放弃。辅助因子和酶的共同固定化具有特殊意义，因为这可以为构建人工细胞和极其复杂的一锅法转化开辟机会。最后，将介绍一些最近克服一些共同固定问题的策略。