Soil salinity can limit the use of marginal lands for biomass production based on cultivation of short-rotation woody crops as energy willow. Here, we compare salt stress responses of the diploid, productive cultivar (Energo), and its artificially produced autotetraploid (PPE-2; PPE-7; PPE-13) variants. After pre-testing the effects of various salt concentrations, willow plants with different genome sizes were exposed to 1.5 g NaCl kg⁻¹ soil (electrical conductivity (EC) value: 7.04 mS/cm). Digital imaging of shoot surface area (green pixel) and root surface (white pixel) indicated variable improvements in growth responses of tetraploids relative to diploid ones in saline soils. After nine weeks of salt stress, increase in salt adaptation capability of tetraploid plants was indicated by larger biomass, leaf and root weights under salinity (1.5 g NaCl kg⁻¹ soil) relative to diploids. Biomass weights were significantly higher in the case of tetraploid PPE-2 plants with increased water consumption and leaf water content than of diploid plants. The inhibitory effect of salt stress on photosynthetic assimilation rates was less significant in plants with doubled genome. The Na⁺ accumulation was reduced in leaves of tetraploids and increased in their roots, while the K⁺ ion content was higher in their leaves than in diploids. Tetraploidy improved K⁺/Na⁺ ratio in leaves and roots of willow plants under normal soil condition. This parameter was less reduced in tetraploid leaves exposed to salt stress. The described tetraploid energy willow genotypes with salt tolerance can play a role in the extended use of green energy.

土壤盐分会限制以种植短轮伐木本作物作为能量柳树为基础的边际土地用于生物量生产。在这里，我们比较了二倍体，高产品种（Energo）及其人工生产的同源四倍体（PPE-2； PPE-7； PPE-13）的盐胁迫响应。在预先测试各种盐浓度的影响后，将具有不同基因组大小的柳树植物暴露于1.5 g NaCl kg ^-1土壤（电导率（EC）值：7.04 mS / cm）。茎表面（绿色像素）和根表面（白色像素）的数字成像表明，在盐渍土中，四倍体的生长响应相对于二倍体的生长响应有所提高。盐胁迫九周后，相对于二倍体，盐度（1.5 g NaCl kg ^-1土壤）下更大的生物量，叶片和根的重量表明四倍体植物的盐适应能力增强。在四倍体PPE-2植物中，耗水量和叶片含水量均比二倍体植物高，生物量重量明显更高。基因组加倍的植物中盐胁迫对光合同化率的抑制作用较小。Na ⁺四倍体叶片中的积累减少，根部增加，而叶片中的K ⁺离子含量高于二倍体。四倍体改进的K ⁺ /钠⁺正常土壤条件下在叶子和柳树植物的根的比率。在暴露于盐胁迫的四倍体叶片中，该参数的降低幅度较小。所描述的具有耐盐性的四倍体能量柳树基因型可以在绿色能量的广泛使用中发挥作用。