Abstract

An understanding of microbial communities present in anaerobic bioreactors can strongly facilitate the development of approaches to control undesirable microorganisms, such as sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), in the system. In this study, overall microbial communities present in anaerobic bioreactors from seven industrial wastewater treatment plants (including food, pulp and paper industries) were investigated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (MiSeq, Illumina). The dominant methanogens identified in the anaerobic bioreactors treating industrial wastewater were Methanobacterium and Methanosaeta; Methanospirillum was a predominant methanogen in the anaerobic sludge digester. Hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogens were detected at similar relative abundances in the anaerobic covered lagoons treating starch wastewater, whereas hydrogenotrophic methanogens were the predominant methanogens present in the sludge digester. SRB communities were further investigated using dsrB gene clone libraries. The results indicated the presence of SRB, such as uncultured Desulfobulbus sp., Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans, Syntrophorhabdus sp. PtaB.Bin027, and Desulfovibrio fructosivarans JJ. Incomplete-oxidizing SRB were the predominant SRB in all of the anaerobic bioreactors treating wastewater. In contrast, similar relative abundances of complete and incomplete-oxidizing SRB were observed in the sludge digester. The results of this study can further facilitate the development of SRB-controlling strategies to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

摘要

对厌氧生物反应器中存在的微生物群落的了解可以极大地促进控制系统中不良微生物如硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）的控制方法的发展。在这项研究中，使用16S rRNA基因扩增子序列（MiSeq，Illumina）调查了来自七个工业废水处理厂（包括食品，纸浆和造纸工业）的厌氧生物反应器中的总体微生物群落。在处理工业废水的厌氧生物反应器中确定的主要产甲烷菌是甲烷杆菌和甲烷藻; 甲螺旋藻是厌氧污泥消化池中主要的产甲烷菌。在处理淀粉废水的厌氧有盖泻湖中，以相似的相对丰度检测到了氢营养型和乙酰碎裂型产甲烷菌，而污泥消化池中主要存在的是产氢营养型产甲烷菌。使用dsrB基因克隆文库进一步研究SRB社区。结果表明SRB，存在诸如未培养Desulfobulbus属，Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans，Syntrophorhabdus藻。PtaB.Bin027和Desulfovibrio fructosivarans JJ。在所有处理废水的厌氧生物反应器中，不完全氧化的SRB是主要的SRB。相反，在污泥消化池中观察到完全和不完全氧化的SRB的相似相对丰度。这项研究的结果可以进一步促进SRB控制策略的发展，以提高废水处理效率。