Abstract

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) consist of a large group of compounds used to make products more resistant to stains, grease, and water and for fire suppression. They have been widely detected in the environment and exposure has been linked to adverse human health effects. Phytoremediation could be used to remediate PFAS-impacted sites, but there is little information on herbaceous and woody plant species uptake of PFAS compounds from soil. A greenhouse study evaluated the potential for eight herbaceous and seven woody plant species to absorb PFAS compounds. Six PFAS compounds: PFPeA, PFHxA, PFOA, PFBS, PFHxS, and PFOS were added weekly to irrigation water, and the plants grown for up to 14 weeks after an initial establishment period. Significant accumulation of all PFAS compounds occurred in at least one plant species. Mass recovery in above-ground tissue by the best performing plant ranged from a low of 3.8% for PFOS by Festuca rubra to a high of 42% for PFPeA by Schedonorus arundinaceus. Hyperaccumulation, defined as tissue/soil concentrations >10/1, was observed for all six PFAS compounds in at least one plant species. These results demonstrate the potential use of phytoremediation as a tool for remediating PFAS-contaminated sites.

摘要

过氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）由一大组化合物组成，这些化合物用于使产品更耐污渍，油脂和水，并具有灭火作用。它们已在环境中被广泛发现，暴露已与不良的人类健康影响相关。植物修复可用于修复受PFAS影响的位点，但是关于从土壤中吸收PFAS化合物的草本和木本植物物种的信息很少。一项温室研究评估了八种草本植物和七种木本植物吸收PFAS化合物的潜力。每周向灌溉用水中添加六种PFAS化合物：PFPeA，PFHxA，PFOA，PFBS，PFHxS和PFOS，并且植物在最初的建立期后最多生长14周。所有PFAS化合物均在至少一种植物中大量积累。紫羊茅到的42％的高为PFPEA通过Schedonorus茅。在至少一种植物物种中观察到所有六种PFAS化合物的过度积累，定义为组织/土壤浓度> 10/1。这些结果证明了将植物修复作为修复PFAS污染部位的工具的潜在用途。