We hypothesized that regional spatial organization of Antarctic penguin breeding populations was affected by social factors, that is, proximity and size of adjacent colonies, and by physical factors, that is, availability of breeding habitat and proximity of polynyas and submarine canyons where prey is abundant. The hypothesis of Furness and Birkhead (1984), that forage competition and density‐dependence affect geographic structure of seabird populations, was tested previously for Antarctic penguins when biologging to quantify colony foraging areas was less common and when assessments of colony size reflected a compendium of historical counts. These data on foraging areas and colony size are now available following 20 years of frequent biologging and real‐time satellite data on colony locations and sizes.

中文翻译：

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南极企鹅种群的地理结构

我们假设南极企鹅繁殖种群的区域空间组织受到社会因素（即邻近殖民地的接近度和大小）以及物理因素（繁殖地的可利用性以及猎物丰富的polynyas和海底峡谷的接近度）的影响。 。Furness和Birkhead（1984）的假设，即草料竞争和密度依赖性影响海鸟种群的地理结构，以前曾对南极企鹅进行过检验，当时用生物记录法来量化殖民地觅食区域的情况较不普遍，并且当殖民地规模的评估反映了历史计数。经过20年的频繁生物记录以及有关殖民地位置和大小的实时卫星数据，现在可以获得这些有关觅食面积和殖民地大小的数据。