Low phosphorus supply constrains plant responses to elevated CO2 : A meta-analysis.,Global Change Biology

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Low phosphorus supply constrains plant responses to elevated CO2 : A meta-analysis.
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-12 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15277
Mingkai Jiang ₁ , Silvia Caldararu ₂ , Haiyang Zhang ₁ , Katrin Fleischer ₃ , Kristine Y Crous ₁ , Jinyan Yang ₁ , Martin G De Kauwe ₄ , David S Ellsworth ₁ , Peter B Reich _{1,

5} , David T Tissue ₁ , Sönke Zaehle ₂ , Belinda E Medlyn ₁

Affiliation

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macro‐nutrient required for plant metabolism and growth. Low P availability could potentially limit plant responses to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO₂), but consensus has yet to be reached on the extent of this limitation. Here, based on data from experiments that manipulated both CO₂ and P for young individuals of woody and non‐woody species, we present a meta‐analysis of P limitation impacts on plant growth, physiological, and morphological response to eCO₂. We show that low P availability attenuated plant photosynthetic response to eCO₂ by approximately one‐quarter, leading to a reduced, but still positive photosynthetic response to eCO₂ compared to those under high P availability. Furthermore, low P limited plant aboveground, belowground, and total biomass responses to eCO₂, by 14.7%, 14.3%, and 12.4%, respectively, equivalent to an approximate halving of the eCO₂ responses observed under high P availability. In comparison, low P availability did not significantly alter the eCO₂‐induced changes in plant tissue nutrient concentration, suggesting tissue nutrient flexibility is an important mechanism allowing biomass response to eCO₂ under low P availability. Low P significantly reduced the eCO₂‐induced increase in leaf area by 14.3%, mirroring the aboveground biomass response, but low P did not affect the eCO₂‐induced increase in root length. Woody plants exhibited stronger attenuation effect of low P on aboveground biomass response to eCO₂ than non‐woody plants, while plants with different mycorrhizal associations showed similar responses to low P and eCO₂ interaction. This meta‐analysis highlights crucial data gaps in capturing plant responses to eCO₂ and low P availability. Field‐based experiments with longer‐term exposure of both CO₂ and P manipulations are critically needed to provide ecosystem‐scale understanding. Taken together, our results provide a quantitative baseline to constrain model‐based hypotheses of plant responses to eCO₂ under P limitation, thereby improving projections of future global change impacts.

中文翻译：

低磷供应限制了植物对升高的二氧化碳的响应：一项荟萃分析。

磷（P）是植物新陈代谢和生长所必需的重要常量营养素。磷的低供应量可能会限制植物对升高的二氧化碳（eCO ₂）的反应，但是对于这种限制的程度尚未达成共识。在此，基于对木本和非木本物种的年轻个体进行CO ₂和P操纵的实验数据，我们对磷限制对植物生长，对eCO _2的生理和形态响应的影响进行了荟萃分析。我们表明，低磷可用性降低了植物对eCO ₂的光合响应约四分之一，导致对eCO _2的光合响应降低，但仍为正与高磷可用性下的那些相比。此外，低磷限制了植物对地上，地下和总生物量对eCO _2的响应，分别降低了14.7％，14.3％和12.4％，相当于在高P利用率下观察到的eCO ₂响应大约减半。相比之下，低磷有效性并没有显着改变eCO ₂诱导的植物组织养分浓度的变化，这表明组织养分柔韧性是重要的机制，允许低磷有效性下生物量对eCO _2的响应。低磷显着降低了eCO ₂诱导的叶面积增加14.3％，反映了地上生物量响应，但低P并没有影响eCO ₂导致根长增加。木本植物比非木本植物对低磷对地上生物量对eCO _2的响应表现出更强的衰减作用，而具有不同菌根协会的植物对低P和eCO ₂相互作用表现出相似的响应。这项荟萃分析突出显示了在捕获工厂对eCO ₂和低磷可用性的响应方面的关键数据差距。为了提供对生态系统规模的了解，迫切需要对CO ₂和P进行长期暴露的野外实验。两者合计，我们的结果提供了一个定量基线，以约束基于模型的植物对eCO ₂响应的假设在P限制下，从而改善了对未来全球变化影响的预测。

更新日期：2020-07-12

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