We propose a treatment of HIV‐1⁺ individuals designed to harness protective immunity, lead to viral containment, and so render the individual minimally infectious. A few HIV‐infected individuals, ‘elite controllers’, generate a stable Th1, cytotoxic T lymphocyte response that contains the virus. Most infected individuals, in the absence of therapy, first generate a similarly protective response that evolves with time a Th2 component, associated with antibody production and loss of viral control. Cessation of anti‐retroviral treatment after three years results in viral rebound in most, but about one in seven individuals contains the virus, so‐called post‐treatment controllers. We suggest an understanding, of how the Th1/Th2 phenotype of immune responses is controlled, can explain these different outcomes and leads us to propose a non‐invasive, personalized strategy of immunotherapy. We propose that monitoring the relative prevalence of HIV‐1 specific IgG₁ and IgG₂ antibodies can provide a biomarker for deciding when to interrupt/withdraw anti‐retroviral therapy to optimally harness protective immunity.

中文翻译：

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抗逆转录病毒疗法的中断/退出能否提供针对HIV-1的个性化免疫疗法？

我们建议治疗HIV-1 ⁺被设计为利用保护性免疫力的个体，导致病毒被遏制，因此使个体的传染性降至最低。少数受HIV感染的个体（“精英控制者”）会产生稳定的Th1细胞毒性T淋巴细胞反应，其中包含该病毒。在没有治疗的情况下，大多数被感染的个体首先会产生类似的保护性反应，随着时间的流逝，Th2组分会与抗体产生和病毒控制丧失相关。三年后停止抗逆转录病毒治疗，大多数会导致病毒反弹，但大约有七分之一的人感染了这种病毒，即所谓的治疗后控制者。我们建议您了解如何控制免疫应答的Th1 / Th2表型，可以解释这些不同的结局，并促使我们提出一种非侵入性，个性化的免疫疗法策略。我们建议监测HIV-1特异性IgG的相对患病率₁和IgG ₂抗体可以提供生物标记，以决定何时中断/退出抗逆转录病毒疗法以最佳地利用保护性免疫。