Background and objectives Wheat protein composition is commonly characterized by reversed‐phase (RP)‐HPLC‐UV after extraction of albumins/globulins, gliadins (ω5‐, ω1,2‐, α‐, and γ‐gliadins), and glutenins (high‐ and low‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits). However, this traditional classification does not consider the individual distribution of peaks, resulting in loss of information on protein fingerprints. We developed a new approach to peak integration and evaluated its suitability to differentiate between wheat cultivars and species. Findings Integration events were performed every 20 s, and the relative proportions of the peaks were calculated. We compared the traditional and new integration methods on two sample sets, the first comprising 60 common wheat cultivars from 1891 to 2010 and the second comprising 40 common wheat, spelt, durum wheat, emmer, and einkorn cultivars. The new integration method performed better in differentiating old and modern common wheat cultivars and was also applicable to different wheat species. Conclusions Unique cultivars were identified that stood out because of their protein composition. Four samples warrant further research to identify the specific proteins that are responsible for the differences. Significance and novelty The new integration allowed us to map the cultivar‐ and species‐specific fingerprints, identify cultivars with exceptional protein composition, and group similar cultivars.

中文翻译：

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小麦蛋白质谱的指纹图谱，以改善小麦品种和物种之间的区别

背景和目的 在提取白蛋白/球蛋白、麦胶蛋白（ω5-、ω1,2-、α- 和 γ-麦胶蛋白）和麦胶蛋白（高- 和低分子量谷蛋白亚基）。然而，这种传统的分类没有考虑峰的个体分布，导致蛋白质指纹信息的丢失。我们开发了一种新的峰积分方法，并评估了其区分小麦品种和物种的适用性。结果 每 20 秒执行一次积分事件，并计算峰的相对比例。我们在两个样本集上比较了传统和新的整合方法，第一个包含 1891 年至 2010 年的 60 个常见小麦品种，第二个包含 40 个常见小麦、拼写、硬粒小麦、二粒小麦和单粒小麦品种。新的整合方法在区分古老和现代常见小麦品种方面表现更好，也适用于不同的小麦品种。结论 鉴定出因其蛋白质组成而引人注目的独特栽培品种。四个样本值得进一步研究，以确定导致差异的特定蛋白质。意义和新颖性 新的集成使我们能够绘制品种和物种特异性指纹图谱，识别具有特殊蛋白质组成的品种，并对相似的品种进行分组。结论 鉴定出因其蛋白质组成而引人注目的独特栽培品种。四个样本值得进一步研究，以确定导致差异的特定蛋白质。意义和新颖性 新的集成使我们能够绘制品种和物种特异性指纹图谱，识别具有特殊蛋白质组成的品种，并对相似的品种进行分组。结论 鉴定出因其蛋白质组成而引人注目的独特栽培品种。四个样本值得进一步研究，以确定导致差异的特定蛋白质。意义和新颖性 新的集成使我们能够绘制品种和物种特异性指纹图谱，识别具有特殊蛋白质组成的品种，并对相似的品种进行分组。