Quercus species (Oak) are deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs. They are important members of most forests all over the world. The genus has received great attention since ancient times due to its medicinal, ecological and economical value. Preparations of Quercus (oak) species are used as hemostatic, antidiarrheic, astringent, or antiseptic agents, as well as for the treatment of burns, and inflammation of oral and anal mucosa. This review provides an overview of the polyphenolic constituents isolated and identified from Quercus species. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies are reviewed and discussed, focusing on anti-viral and anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anti-oxidative effects of extracts from these plant species. Most of the pharmacological effects can be explained by the presence of high amounts of tannins or flavonoids, and to a lesser extent by other secondary metabolites, present in all plant parts. However, future efforts should concentrate less on in vitro, more on in vivo (precilinical studies) and more clinical trials in order to confirm traditional use in the light of a rational phytotherapy.

栎树种（橡树）是落叶或常绿乔木或灌木。它们是全世界大多数森林的重要成员。由于其药用，生态和经济价值，自古以来就受到极大的关注。栎类（橡木）制剂可用作止血剂，止泻剂，收敛剂或防腐剂，以及用于治疗烧伤以及口腔和肛门粘膜的炎症。这篇综述概述了从栎属中分离和鉴定的多酚成分种类。对这些植物提取物的抗病毒和抗微生物，抗糖尿病，抗炎，保肝和抗氧化作用进行了回顾和讨论，进行了体外和体内药理研究。大多数药理作用可以解释为所有植物部分中都存在大量的单宁或类黄酮，而程度较小的则是由其他次生代谢产物引起的。但是，为了根据合理的植物疗法确定传统用途，未来的工作应少集中在体外，而应更多地在体内（基础研究），而应进行更多的临床试验。