We investigated the response of a tidal lagoon system to a unique situation of relative sea-level change induced by powerful earthquakes (up to M_w 7.1) on the east coast of New Zealand in 2010–2011. Spatiotemporal impacts were quantified using airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) datasets complemented by hydrodynamic modelling and evaluation of anthropogenic influences. Ground-level changes included examples of uplift and extensive subsidence (ca. 0.5 m) associated with intertidal area reductions, particularly in supratidal zones. ‘Coastal squeeze’ effects occurred where incompatible infrastructure prevented upland ecosystem movement with relative sea-level rise. Despite large-scale managed retreat, legacy effects of land-filling have reduced the reversibility of human modifications, impairing system resiliency through poor land-use design. Elsewhere, available space in the intertidal range shows that natural environment movement could be readily assisted by simple engineering techniques though is challenged by competing land-use demands. Quantification of gains and losses showed that lagoon expansion into previously defended areas is indeed required to sustain critical habitats, highlighting the importance of a whole-system view. Identifiable coastal planning principles include the need to assess trade-offs between natural and built environments in the design of hazard management plans, requiring greater attention to the natural movement of ecosystems and areas involved. Treating these observations as a scenario illustrates the mechanisms by which coastal squeeze effects may develop under global sea-level rise, but our purpose is to help avoid them by identifying appropriate human responses. We highlight the need for an improved focus on whole-system resilience, and the importance of disaster recovery processes for adaptation to climate change.

我们调查了潮汐泻湖系统对强地震引起的相对海平面变化的独特情况的响应（最高M _w7.1）在2010-2011年的新西兰东海岸。时空影响使用机载光检测和测距（LiDAR）数据集进行了定量，并辅以流体动力学建模和人为影响评估。地面变化包括与潮间带减少有关的隆起和大范围沉陷（约0.5 m），特别是在潮间带。“沿海挤压”效应发生在不兼容的基础设施阻止了陆地生态系统的运动以及相对海平面上升的情况下。尽管进行了大规模的管理撤退，但垃圾填埋场的遗留效应降低了人类修改的可逆性，通过不良的土地利用设计削弱了系统的弹性。别处，潮间带的可用空间表明，尽管受到竞争的土地利用需求的挑战，但自然环境的移动很容易通过简单的工程技术来辅助。得失的定量分析表明，要维持关键的栖息地，确实需要将泻湖扩展到以前的防御区域，这突出了整个系统观点的重要性。可确定的沿海规划原则包括在设计危害管理计划时需要评估自然环境与建筑环境之间的平衡，需要更多地关注生态系统和所涉地区的自然运动。将这些观测结果作为一个场景来说明，在全球海平面上升的情况下，沿海挤压效应可能发展的机制，但是我们的目的是通过确定适当的人类反应来帮助避免它们。