Nanoporous materials exhibit remarkable mechanical properties, which are influenced by their surface effects and microstructures. Here, we theoretically analyze Young’s modulus of various regular polygonal prism structures, which represent the first-level (conventional) nanoporous material and higher-level hierarchical nanoporous material. The effects of surface elastic modulus, porosity, residual surface stress, and side number on Young’s modulus of a regular polygonal prism unit cell are investigated in detail. The results reveal that Young’s modulus is controlled by the surface elastic modulus, but it is not sensitive to the residual surface stress. This trend is in good consistency with the existing work. Moreover, the effective modulus strongly depends upon the surface elastic modulus. Under the certain range of high porosity, maximum Young’s modulus always relies on a critical side number of 6, regardless of the surface effect and hierarchical structure. Interestingly, for different regular polygonal prism structures, the difference in effective modulus tends to decrease with the increasing porosity. The current findings provide insights to improve the mechanical properties of nanoporous materials via tuning microstructure, porosity, and surface elastic modulus.

中文翻译：

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表面对正多边形棱柱纳米多孔材料弹性模量的影响

纳米多孔材料表现出显着的机械性能，这受其表面效应和微观结构的影响。在这里，我们从理论上分析了各种正多边形棱柱结构的杨氏模量，这些结构代表了一级（常规）纳米多孔材料和更高一级的分层纳米多孔材料。详细研究了表面弹性模量、孔隙率、残余表面应力和边数对正多边形棱柱晶胞杨氏模量的影响。结果表明，杨氏模量受表面弹性模量控制，但对残余表面应力不敏感。这一趋势与现有工作具有很好的一致性。此外，有效模量强烈依赖于表面弹性模量。在一定的高孔隙率范围下，无论表面效应和层次结构如何，最大杨氏模量始终依赖于临界边数 6。有趣的是，对于不同的正多边形棱柱结构，有效模量的差异随着孔隙率的增加而趋于减小。目前的发现为通过调整微观结构、孔隙率和表面弹性模量来改善纳米多孔材料的机械性能提供了见解。