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The missing pieces of the PuO2 nanoparticle puzzle.
Nanoscale ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-10 , DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03767b
Evgeny Gerber 1 , Anna Yu Romanchuk , Ivan Pidchenko , Lucia Amidani , Andre Rossberg , Christoph Hennig , Gavin B M Vaughan , Alexander Trigub , Tolganay Egorova , Stephen Bauters , Tatiana Plakhova , Myrtille O J Y Hunault , Stephan Weiss , Sergei M Butorin , Andreas C Scheinost , Stepan N Kalmykov , Kristina O Kvashnina
Affiliation  

The nanoscience field often produces results more mystifying than any other discipline. It has been argued that changes in the plutonium dioxide (PuO2) particle size from bulk to nano can have a drastic effect on PuO2 properties. Here we report a full characterization of PuO2 nanoparticles (NPs) at the atomic level and probe their local and electronic structures by a variety of methods available at the synchrotron, including extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) at the Pu L3 edge, X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) in high energy resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) mode at the Pu L3 and M4 edges, high energy X-ray scattering (HEXS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The particles were synthesized from precursors with different oxidation states of plutonium (III, IV, and V) under various environmentally and waste storage relevant conditions (pH 8 and pH > 10). Our experimental results analyzed with state-of-the-art theoretical approaches demonstrate that well dispersed, crystalline NPs with a size of ∼2.5 nm in diameter are always formed in spite of diverse chemical conditions. Identical crystal structures and the presence of only the Pu(IV) oxidation state in all NPs, reported here for the first time, indicate that the structure of PuO2 NPs is very similar to that of the bulk PuO2. All methods give complementary information and show that investigated fundamental properties of PuO2 NPs, rather than being exotic, are very similar to those of the bulk PuO2.

中文翻译:

PuO2纳米颗粒拼图的缺失部分。

纳米科学领域通常比任何其他学科都产生更神秘的结果。有人认为,二氧化p(PuO 2)颗粒大小从本体到纳米的变化会对PuO 2的性质产生巨大影响。在这里,我们报告了P​​uO 2纳米粒子(NPs)在原子水平上的完整表征,并通过同步加速器上可用的多种方法探查了它们的局部和电子结构,包括Pu L 3处的扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)边缘,在Pu L 3和M 4处以高能分辨率荧光检测(HERFD)模式在边缘结构(XANES)处吸收X射线边缘,高能X射线散射(HEXS)和X射线衍射(XRD)。在各种环境和废物存储相关条件(pH 8和pH> 10)下,由具有不同氧化态of(III,IV和V)的前体合成颗粒。我们用最新的理论方法分析的实验结果表明,尽管化学条件多种多样,但仍可形成直径约2.5 nm的分散良好的结晶NP。首次在这里报道的相同的晶体结构以及在所有NP中仅存在Pu(IV)氧化态表明,PuO 2 NP的结构与本体PuO 2的结构非常相似。所有方法都提供了补充信息,并表明,所研究的PuO 2 NP的基本性质(而不是外来的)与本体PuO 2的性质非常相似。
更新日期:2020-09-18
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