Genetic information is being generated at an increasingly rapid pace, offering advances in science and medicine that are paralleled only by the threats and risk present within the responsible ecosystem. Human genetic information is identifiable and contains sensitive information, but genetic data security is only recently gaining attention. Genetic data is generated in an evolving and distributed cyber-physical ecosystem, with multiple systems that handle data and multiple partners that utilize the data. This paper defines security classifications of genetic information and discusses the threats, vulnerabilities, and risk found throughout the entire genetic information ecosystem. Laboratory security was found to be especially challenging, primarily due to devices and protocols that were not designed with security in mind. Likewise, other industry standards and best practices threaten the security of the ecosystem. A breach or exposure anywhere in the ecosystem can compromise sensitive information. Extensive development will be required to realize the potential of this emerging field while protecting the bioeconomy and all of its stakeholders.

中文翻译：

---

遗传信息不安全的最新状况

遗传信息正在以越来越快的速度产生，提供了科学和医学上的进步，只有负责任的生态系统中存在的威胁和风险才与之平行。人类的遗传信息是可识别的并且包含敏感信息，但是遗传数据的安全性直到最近才受到关注。遗传数据是在一个不断发展的分布式网络物理生态系统中生成的，它具有处理数据的多个系统和利用数据的多个伙伴。本文定义了遗传信息的安全性分类，并讨论了在整个遗传信息生态系统中发现的威胁，漏洞和风险。人们发现实验室的安全性特别具有挑战性，主要是由于设备和协议在设计时并未考虑安全性。同样 其他行业标准和最佳做法威胁着生态系统的安全。生态系统中任何地方的破坏或暴露都可能危害敏感信息。在保护生物经济及其所有利益相关者的同时，将需要进行广泛的开发以实现这一新兴领域的潜力。