Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) is a key soil functional group, with an important potential to increase crop productivity and sustainable agriculture including food security. However, there is clear evidence that land uses, crop rotations and soil features affect the AMF diversity and their community functioning in many agroecosystems. So far, the information related to AMF biodiversity in ecosystems like the Argentine Puna, an arid-high plateau where plants experience high abiotic-stresses, are still scarce. In this work, we investigated morphological and molecular AMF diversity in soils of native corn, bean, and native potato Andean crops, under a familiar land use, in the Chaupi Rodeo (Jujuy, Argentina), without agrochemicals supplements but with different histories of crops rotation. Our results showed that AMF morphological diversity not only was high and variable among the three different crop soils but was also complemented by Illumina MiSeq data. The multivariate analyses highlighted that total fungal diversity is significantly affected by the preceding crop plants and the rotation histories, more than from the present crop species, while AMF communities are significantly affected by preceding crop only in combination with the effect of nitrogen and calcium soil concentration. This knowledge will give useful information on appropriate familiar farming.

中文翻译：

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土地利用历史对阿根廷农田干旱土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性的影响。

丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 是一种关键的土壤功能群，具有提高作物生产力和可持续农业（包括粮食安全）的重要潜力。然而，有明确的证据表明，土地利用、作物轮作和土壤特征会影响 AMF 多样性及其在许多农业生态系统中的群落功能。到目前为止，与阿根廷普纳等生态系统中 AMF 生物多样性相关的信息仍然稀缺，阿根廷普纳是一个干旱的高原，植物经历高非生物胁迫。在这项工作中，我们在 Chaupi Rodeo（阿根廷胡胡伊）在熟悉的土地利用下调查了原生玉米、豆类和原生马铃薯安第斯作物土壤的形态和分子 AMF 多样性，没有农用化学品补充剂，但具有不同的作物历史回转。我们的结果表明，AMF 形态多样性不仅在三种不同的作物土壤中高且可变，而且还得到了 Illumina MiSeq 数据的补充。多变量分析强调，总真菌多样性受前茬作物和轮作历史的影响显着高于当前作物物种，而 AMF 群落仅受前茬作物以及土壤氮和钙浓度的影响显着影响. 这些知识将提供有关适当的熟悉农业的有用信息。比目前的作物种类更多，而 AMF 群落仅在结合氮和钙土壤浓度的影响时才受到前一作物的显着影响。这些知识将提供有关适当的熟悉农业的有用信息。比目前的作物种类更多，而 AMF 群落仅在结合氮和钙土壤浓度的影响时才受到前一作物的显着影响。这些知识将提供有关适当的熟悉农业的有用信息。