Hyperfine structure (HFS) of atomic energy levels arises due to interactions of atomic electrons with a hierarchy of nuclear multipole moments, including magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole and higher rank moments. Recently, a determination of the magnetic octupole moment of the ${}^{173}Yb$ nucleus was reported from HFS measurements in neutral ${}^{173}Yb$ [PRA 87, 012512 (2013)], and is four orders of magnitude larger than the nuclear theory prediction. Considering this substantial discrepancy between the spectroscopically extracted value and nuclear theory, here we propose to use an alternative system to resolve this tension, a singly charged ion of the same ${}^{173}Yb$ isotope. Utilizing the substantial suite of tools developed around $Y{b}^{+}$ for quantum information applications, we propose to extract nuclear octupole and hexadecapole moments from measuring hyperfine splittings in the extremely long lived first excited state ($4f^{13}{(}^2{F}^o)6s^2$, $J=7/2$) of ${}^{173}Y{b}^{+}$. We present results of atomic structure calculations in support of the proposed measurements.

中文翻译：

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173Yb +的超精细结构：解决173Y核八极矩难题

原子能级的超精细结构（HFS）是由于原子电子与核多极矩（包括磁偶极子，电四极子和更高阶矩）的层级相互作用而出现的。最近，确定了磁八极矩${}^{173}ÿb$ HFS测量在中性时报告了细胞核 ${}^{173}ÿb$[PRA 87，012512（2013）]，比核理论的预测大四个数量级。考虑到光谱提取值和核理论之间的这种巨大差异，在这里我们建议使用另一种系统来解决该张力，即相同电荷的单电荷离子${}^{173}ÿb$同位素。利用围绕开发的大量工具$ÿb^{+}$ 对于量子信息应用，我们建议通过在极长寿命的第一激发态下测量超精细裂变来提取核八极矩和十六极矩（$4F^{13}{（}^2{F}^{Ø}）6s^2$， $Ĵ=7/2$的） ${}^{173}ÿb^{+}$。我们提出原子结构计算的结果以支持所提出的测量。