In Japan, there is no publicly funded screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (using HBs antigen and HCV antibody, respectively) among workers, and workplace health programmes play a crucial role in reducing viral hepatitis-related deaths. The national number of hepatitis screening tests conducted in the workplace is unknown. To provide baseline data for policy formulation, we conducted a nationwide survey to estimate these parameters using data from approximately 10.5 million workers (6.8 million men and 3.8 million women) who underwent mandatory health examinations in their workplaces between April 2016 and March 2017. Among these workers, 494,303 (5.23%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.22%–5.24%) and 313, 193 (3.82%, 95% CI 3.81%–3.84%) were screened for HBV and HCV, respectively. Among those who were screened, 0.28% (95% CI 0.27–0.30%) and 0.35% (95% CI 0.33–0.37%) tested positive for HBs antigen and HCV antibody, respectively. According to the age-specific prevalence from the survey an estimated 0.30 and 0.14 million workers in Japan require treatment for HBV and HCV, respectively. To reduce viral hepatitis-related deaths by efficiently identifying workers who need treatment and promoting access to treatment, one-time hepatitis screening of all workers should be considered.

在日本，没有针对工人的乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染（分别使用HBs抗原和HCV抗体）的公共资助筛查，并且工作场所健康计划在减少病毒性肝炎中起着至关重要的作用，相关死亡。在工作场所进行的全国肝炎筛查测试数量未知。为了提供政策制定的基准数据，我们进行了一项全国性调查，使用2016年4月至2017年3月在其工作场所接受强制性健康检查的大约1050万名工人（680万男性和380万女性）的数据估算这些参数。分别筛查了494,303名（5.23％，95％置信区间[CI] 5.22％–5.24％）和313，193名（3.82％，95％CI 3.81％–3.84％）的HBV和HCV。在被筛选的人群中，HBs抗原和HCV抗体分别为0.28％（95％CI 0.27–0.30％）和0.35％（95％CI 0.33–0.37％）。根据调查显示的特定年龄段患病率，日本估计有0.30和14万人需要接受HBV和HCV的治疗。为了通过有效地识别需要治疗的工人并促进获得治疗的机会来减少与病毒性肝炎相关的死亡，应考虑对所有工人进行一次肝炎筛查。