Abstract

Nictation is a behaviour in which a nematode stands on its tail and waves its head in three dimensions. This activity promotes dispersal of dauer larvae by allowing them to attach to other organisms and travel on them to a new niche. In this review, we describe our understanding of nictation, including its diversity in nematode species, how it is induced by environmental factors, and neurogenetic factors that regulate nictation. We also highlight the known cellular and signalling factors that affect nictation, for example, IL2 neurons, insulin/IGF-1 signalling, TGF-β signalling, FLP neuropeptides and piRNAs. Elucidation of the mechanism of nictation will contribute to increased understanding of the conserved dispersal strategies in animals.

摘要

硝化是一种行为，其中线虫站在尾巴上，并在三个维度上摇动其头部。这项活动通过允许幼虫与其他生物附着并在其上传播到新的生态位，从而促进其生长。在这篇综述中，我们描述了对钩沉的理解，包括其在线虫物种中的多样性，环境因子如何诱导它以及调节钩沉的神经遗传因子。我们还重点介绍了影响细胞形成的已知细胞和信号传导因子，例如，IL2神经元，胰岛素/ IGF-1信号传导，TGF-β信号传导，FLP神经肽和piRNA。阐明形成机制将有助于增进对动物中保守的传播策略的了解。