ABSTRACT Citronella (Cymbopogon spp.) essential oil is an important component of various fragrances, cosmetics, and household products. In this study, comparative chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) essential oil, extracted by different methods, namely hydro-distillation and steam-distillation were determined by GC, GC-MS, and disc diffusion assay and microdilution broth assay. Major constituents of the essential oil were citronellal (2.2–55.4%), geraniol (14.2–53.0%), citronellol (8.2–16.4%), isopulegol (0.3–12.6%), elemol (0.8–8.2%), and limonene (0.2–5.0%). The essential oils showed inhibition of test bacteria with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) in the range of 250–1000 µg/mL and showed anticandidal activity with MIC in the range of 125–500 µg/mL. In general, the oils were moderately active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and also showed good activity against Candidal strains. The essential oils extracted from the herbage by different techniques exhibited variations in their yield, chemical composition, and antimicrobial activities.

中文翻译：

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不同方法提取的爪哇香茅（Cymbopogon Winterianus Jowitt ex Bor）精油的化学成分和抗菌活性

摘要 香茅（Cymbopogon spp.）精油是各种香水、化妆品和家居用品的重要成分。在本研究中，通过 GC、GC-MS 和圆盘扩散法测定了通过不同方法（即水蒸馏和蒸汽蒸馏）提取的爪哇香茅（Cymbopogon Winterianus Jowitt ex Bor）精油的比较化学成分和抗菌活性，以及微量稀释肉汤测定。精油的主要成分是香茅醛 (2.2–55.4%)、香叶醇 (14.2–53.0%)、香茅醇 (8.2–16.4%)、异胡薄荷醇 (0.3–12.6%)、elemol (0.8–8.2%) 和柠檬烯 ( 0.2–5.0%）。精油显示出对测试细菌的抑制作用，最小抑制浓度 (MIC) 在 250–1000 µg/mL 范围内，并显示出抗念珠菌活性，MIC 在 125–500 µg/mL 范围内。一般来说，这些油对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌菌株具有中等活性，并且对念珠菌菌株也显示出良好的活性。通过不同技术从草本植物中提取的精油在其产量、化学成分和抗菌活性方面表现出差异。