Abstract To determine the toxic effect of three imidazole ionic liquids (IILs) in terrestrial monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, three IILs (1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, and butyl-3-methylimidazolium bi-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide) were investigated using rice and capsicum as target toxicity models. In hydroponic experiments, increasing the concentration of the IILs led to a decrease in the seed germination rate, a decrease in the reduced stem and root lengths, and an increase in the inhibition rate of the stem and root lengths; in addition, as the concentration increased, the reducing sugar content of rice and capsicum seedling leaves and roots first increased and then decreased, while permeability of the cell membranes of the stems and roots of the two plants also gradually increased. In terms of the effects on these indices in rice, the ranking of these three IIL anions was [TF2N]- > [PF6]- > [BF4]-; in terms of the effects on capsicum, the sequence was [BF4]- > [TF2N]- > [PF6]-. These findings provide a theoretical reference for the next step in the synthesis and the use of green ionic liquids.

中文翻译：

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三种咪唑离子液体对两种陆生植物的毒害作用

摘要 为确定三种咪唑离子液体 (IILs) 对陆生单子叶和双子叶植物的毒性作用，三种 IILs（1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐和丁基-3-甲基咪唑鎓双- [（三氟甲基）磺酰基]亚胺）使用大米和辣椒作为目标毒性模型进行研究。在水培实验中，增加IILs的浓度导致种子发芽率下降，茎根长度减少，茎根长度抑制率增加；此外，随着浓度的增加，水稻和辣椒苗叶和根的还原糖含量先升高后降低，同时两种植物茎和根的细胞膜通透性也逐渐增加。从对水稻中这些指标的影响来看，这三种IIL阴离子的排序为[TF2N]->[PF6]->[BF4]-；对辣椒的作用顺序为[BF4]->[TF2N]->[PF6]-。这些发现为下一步合成和使用绿色离子液体提供了理论参考。