Sleep and memory processing impairments range from mild to severe in the psychosis spectrum. Relationships between memory processing and sleep characteristics have been described for schizophrenia, including unaffected first-degree relatives, but they are less clear across other high-risk groups within the psychosis spectrum. In this study, we investigated high-risk individuals with accumulated risk-factors for psychosis and subthreshold symptoms. Out of 1898 screened individuals, 44 age- and sex-matched participants were sub-grouped into those with substantial environmental risk factors for psychosis and subthreshold psychotic symptoms (high-risk group) and those without these phenotypes (low-risk controls). Four groups (high/low risk, morning/evening training) were trained and tested in the laboratory for sustained attention, motor skill memory (finger-tapping task) and declarative memory (word-pair learning task) immediately after training, again after a night of EEG-recorded sleep at home or a period of daytime wakefulness, and again after 24 h from training. No differences in sustained attention or in memory consolidation of declarative and motor skill memory were found between groups for any time period tested. However, a group difference was found for rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep in relation to motor skill memory: the longer the total sleep time, particularly longer REM sleep, the greater the performance gain, which occurred only in high-risk individuals. In conclusion, our results suggest a gain in motor skill performance with sufficient sleep opportunity for longer REM sleep in high-risk individuals with subthreshold psychotic symptoms. Declarative memory did not benefit from sleep consolidation above or beyond that of the control group.

睡眠和记忆处理障碍在精神病谱中从轻度到重度不等。已经描述了精神分裂症（包括未受影响的一级亲属）的记忆处理和睡眠特征之间的关系，但在精神病谱中的其他高危人群中，这种关系不太清楚。在这项研究中，我们调查了具有累积精神病风险因素和阈下症状的高危个体。在 1898 名接受筛查的个体中，44 名年龄和性别匹配的参与者被分为具有精神病和阈下精神病症状的显着环境风险因素的人（高风险组）和没有这些表型的人（低风险控制组）。四组（高/低风险、早/晚训练）在实验室接受了持续关注的培训和测试，或白天清醒一段时间，然后在训练 24 小时后再次清醒。在任何测试时间段内，两组之间在持续注意力或陈述性和运动技能记忆的记忆巩固方面没有差异。然而，我们发现快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠与运动技能记忆之间存在组别差异：总睡眠时间越长，尤其是 REM 睡眠时间越长，性能提升就越大，这仅发生在高危人群中。总之，我们的结果表明，在具有亚阈值精神病症状的高风险个体中，运动技能表现的提高和充足的睡眠机会可以延长 REM 睡眠。陈述性记忆没有从高于或超过对照组的睡眠巩固中受益。