Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is responsible for the acute infectious swine disease porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). PED causes damage to the intestine, including villus atrophy and shedding, leading to serious economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. We carried out an in vitro study to investigate cell apoptosis and the cell cycle in a PEDV-infected host using transcriptomic shotgun sequencing (RNA-Seq) to study gene responses to PEDV infection. Results revealed that the PEDV infection reduced proliferation activity, blocked the cell cycle at S-phase and induced apoptosis in IPEC-J2 cells. The expression of gene levels related to ribosome proteins and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly up-regulated post-PEDV infection. Although the significantly down-regulated on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway post-PEDV infection, the regulator–related genes of mTOR signaling pathway exerted significantly up-regulated or down-regulated in IPEC-J2 cells. These results indicated that ribosome proteins and oxidative phosphorylation process were widely involved in the pathological changes and regulation of host cells caused by PEDV infection, and PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways played a vital role in antiviral regulation in IPEC-J2 cells. These data might provide new insights into the specific pathogenesis of PEDV infection and pave the way for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.

猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）是导致急性传染性猪流行性腹泻（PED）的罪魁祸首。PED会对肠道造成损害，包括绒毛萎缩和脱落，给全球养猪业带来严重的经济损失。我们进行了体外研究使用转录组鸟枪法测序 (RNA-Seq) 研究 PEDV 感染宿主中的细胞凋亡和细胞周期，以研究基因对 PEDV 感染的反应。结果显示PEDV感染降低了增殖活性，阻断了S期细胞周期并诱导IPEC-J2细胞凋亡。PEDV感染后，与核糖体蛋白和氧化磷酸化相关的基因表达水平显着上调。虽然PEDV感染后PI3K/Akt信号通路显着下调，但mTOR信号通路的调节相关基因在IPEC-J2细胞中显着上调或下调。这些结果表明，核糖体蛋白和氧化磷酸化过程广泛参与了PEDV感染引起的宿主细胞的病理变化和调控，PI3K/AKT和mTOR信号通路在IPEC-J2细胞的抗病毒调控中发挥了至关重要的作用。这些数据可能为 PEDV 感染的具体发病机制提供新的见解，并为制定有效的治疗策略铺平道路。