Mineral and trace element composition of the roe and muscle tissue of farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with respect to nutrient requirements: Elements in rainbow trout products.,Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

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Mineral and trace element composition of the roe and muscle tissue of farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with respect to nutrient requirements: Elements in rainbow trout products.
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126619
Piotr Skałecki ₁ , Mariusz Florek ₁ , Monika Kędzierska-Matysek ₁ , Ewa Poleszak ₂ , Piotr Domaradzki ₁ , Agnieszka Kaliniak-Dziura ₁

Affiliation

Background

Due to excellent nutritional properties of fish and fish products, dietitians recommend their larger share in the diet, for both the prevention and treatment of diet-related diseases. In this context particular attention should be given to fish eggs (roe). The aim of the study was to compare the content of selected minerals and trace elements in the roe and muscle tissue of aquaculture-reared rainbow trout. Moreover, the extent to which an edible portion of 100 g of fish product (roe or fillet) satisfies the requirements for these elements in adult consumers (women and men) and children was determined.

Methods

The research material was represented by 20 farmed rainbow trout females (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In muscle tissue and roe the proximate composition, energy value, and nutritional quality index were examined. Concentrations of K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry analysis. The levels of minerals and trace elements in fish products were used to calculate the percentages of the recommended dietary reference values for adults and children in portion of 100 g.

Results

The roe had higher content of 7 elements including, Zn (29.40 ± 1.38, 27.74–30.91 mg/kg), Mn (1.66 ± 0.08, 1.55–1.73 mg/kg), Fe (11.17 ± 0.35, 10.75–11.60 mg/kg), Cu (1.24 ± 0.04, 1.21–1.30 mg/kg), Ca (546.90 ± 23.68, 522.02–578.96 mg/kg), Mg (546.97 ± 23.68, 522.02–578.96 mg/kg), Na (403.61 ± 5.53, 397.29–407.57 mg/kg) compared to muscle tissue, respectively, Zn (2.73 ± 0.97, 0.94–3.77 mg/kg, Mn (0.22 ± 0.10, 0.14–0.46 mg/kg), Fe (2.19 ± 1.44, 1.02–5.50 mg/kg), Cu (0.24 ± 0.06, 0.17–0.36 mg/kg), Ca (164.07 ± 71.72, 93.24–306.32 mg/kg), Mg (240.00 ± 73.37, 127.92–316.41 mg/kg), Na (273.37 ± 99.65, 183.93–524.41 mg/kg). In turn, the muscle tissue contained 3 times as much K (5159.87 ± 974.70, 4004.63–6343.91 mg/kg) as the roe (1713.65 ± 58.68, 1643.97–1764.14 mg/kg). The roe covered the recommended nutrition standards (population reference intake, PRI and adequate intake, AI) to a greater extent than the fillet for all analysed trace elements and minerals except K. For children, the contribution of roe to the reference intake of such elements as Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu was particularly high. Therefore the roe should be considered as a source of Mg for all consumer groups, and as high in Zn for women and children. The suggested portion of fillet and roe provided only 2–3 % of the daily requirement for Na.

Conclusions

Despite the differences found, both roe and fillet from rainbow trout are a good source of analysed elements. The results indicate the need to continue research in order to determine the influence of other factors on the content of minerals and trace elements in roe and the possibility of using gonads to enrich other food products with elements.

中文翻译：

养殖虹鳟鱼 (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 鱼子和肌肉组织的矿物质和微量元素组成与营养需求相关：虹鳟鱼产品中的元素。

背景

由于鱼和鱼制品具有优良的营养特性，营养师推荐它们在饮食中的更大份额，用于预防和治疗与饮食相关的疾病。在这种情况下，应特别注意鱼卵（鱼子）。本研究的目的是比较水产养殖虹鳟鱼卵和肌肉组织中特定矿物质和微量元素的含量。此外，还确定了 100 克鱼产品（鱼子或鱼片）的可食用部分满足成年消费者（女性和男性）和儿童对这些元素的要求的程度。

方法

研究材料以 20 条养殖虹鳟鱼 ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )为代表。在肌肉组织和鱼子中，检查了近似成分、能量值和营养质量指数。K、Na、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn 和 Cu 的浓度通过火焰原子吸收光谱分析确定。鱼产品中矿物质和微量元素的含量用于计算成人和儿童每 100 克推荐膳食参考值的百分比。

结果

PRI 和足够的摄入量，AI) 在所有分析的微量元素和矿物质中都比鱼片更大。对于儿童来说，鱼子对 Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn 和 Cu 等元素的参考摄入量的贡献特别大高的。因此，鱼子应该被视为所有消费群体的镁来源，而对于妇女和儿童来说，锌含量也很高。鱼片和鱼子的建议部分仅提供 Na 每日需要量的 2-3%。