Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126582 Azmi Khan 1 , Pratika Singh 1 , Amrita Srivastava 1
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Background
Iron is an essential element for growth and metabolic activities of all living organisms but remains in its oxyhydroxide ferric ion form in the surrounding. Unavailability of iron in soluble ferrous form led to development of specific pathways and machinery in different organisms to make it available for use and maintain its homeostasis. Iron homeostasis is essential as under different circumstances iron in excess as well as deprivation leads to different pathological conditions in human.
Objective
This review highlights the current findings related to iron excess as well as deprivation with regards to cellular proliferation.
Conclusions
Iron excess is extensively associated with different types of cancers viz. colorectal cancer, breast cancer etc. by producing an oxidative stressed condition and alteration of immune system. Ironically its deprivation also results in anaemic conditions and leads to cell cycle arrest at different phases with mechanism yet to be explored. Iron deprivation arrests cell cycle at G1/S and in some cases at G2/M checkpoints resulting in growth arrest. However, in some cases iron overload arrests cell cycle at G1 phase by blocking certain signalling pathways. Certain natural and synthetic iron chelators are being explored from few decades to combat diseases caused by alteration in iron homeostasis.
中文翻译：
铁：癌症和细胞周期的关键参与者？
背景
铁是所有生物体生长和代谢活动的必需元素，但在周围环境中仍以其羟基氧化铁离子形式存在。可溶性亚铁形式的铁的不可用性导致不同生物体中特定途径和机制的发展，以使其可供使用并维持其体内平衡。铁稳态是必不可少的，因为在不同情况下，铁过量和缺乏会导致人类不同的病理状况。
客观的
这篇综述强调了当前与铁过量以及细胞增殖剥夺有关的发现。
结论
铁过量与不同类型的癌症广泛相关，即。结直肠癌、乳腺癌等，通过产生氧化应激状态和改变免疫系统。具有讽刺意味的是，它的剥夺也会导致贫血，并导致不同阶段的细胞周期停滞，其机制尚待探索。缺铁会在 G1/S 和某些情况下在 G2/M 检查点阻止细胞周期，导致生长停滞。然而，在某些情况下，铁过载会通过阻断某些信号通路来阻止 G1 期的细胞周期。几十年来，人们一直在探索某些天然和合成的铁螯合剂，以对抗由铁稳态改变引起的疾病。
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