Imaging lidar techniques, featuring of low cost and short blind range, have attracted considerable interests during recent years. However, the bi-static imaging lidar with the transmitter and the receiver placed far away from each other (from a few meters up to 100 m) can mainly operate during nighttime. On the other hand, the monostatic Scheimpflug lidar (SLidar) with the transmitter and the receiver integrated into a single setup suffers from a low quantum efficiency due to the large tilt angle (typically about 45°) of the used image sensor. In this paper, a monostatic imaging lidar with the image sensor placed parallel to the lens plane of the receiving telescope, which is referred to as Shallow Depth-Of-Field Imaging Lidar (SDOFI-Lidar), has been proposed for atmospheric remote sensing. The SDOFI-Lidar system utilizes a 4-W 808-nm multimode laser diode and a 200-mm receiving telescope. The pixel-distance relationship has been established according to geometrical optics. All-day atmospheric measurements can be achieved with much higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) during daytime comparing with the SLidar that employs the same optical configurations. The effect of the defocused backscattering image on the lidar signal has also been evaluated in detail. Inter-comparison measurements have demonstrated that the lidar signals measured by the SDOFI-Lidar generally agreed well with those measured by the SLidar. However, the lidar signal and the corresponding aerosol extinction coefficient could be about 11% and 12% overestimated at around 100 m, respectively, due to the defocusing phenomenon of the backscattering image during horizontal measurements. This work has shown a promising feasibility of employing the SDOFI-Lidar for atmospheric remote sensing if the overestimation of the aerosol extinction in the near range is tolerable.

近年来，低成本，短距离盲的成像激光雷达技术引起了人们的极大兴趣。但是，发射器和接收器相互远离（从几米到100 m）放置的双基地成像激光雷达主要可以在夜间运行。另一方面，将发射器和接收器集成到单个设置中的单基地Scheimpflug激光雷达（SLidar）由于所用图像传感器的倾斜角大（通常约为45°）而具有较低的量子效率。在本文中，已经提出了一种单静态成像激光雷达，其图像传感器平行于接收望远镜的透镜平面放置，被称为浅景深成像激光雷达（SDOFI-Lidar），用于大气遥感。SDOFI-Lidar系统使用4 W 808 nm多模激光二极管和200 mm接收望远镜。已经根据几何光学建立了像素距离关系。与采用相同光学配置的SLidar相比，白天的全天大气测量可以通过更高的信噪比（SNR）实现。还详细评估了散焦后向散射图像对激光雷达信号的影响。比较之间的测量表明，由SDOFI-Lidar测量的激光雷达信号通常与由SLidar测量的激光雷达信号非常吻合。但是，在100 m左右，激光雷达信号和相应的气溶胶消光系数可能分别高估了约11％和12％，由于水平测量期间后向散射图像的散焦现象。如果可以容忍在近距离范围内对气溶胶的灭绝高估，则这项工作表明了使用SDOFI-Lidar进行大气遥感的前景广阔的可行性。