Water shortage has become more frequent with occurrence of severe and frequent droughts and increasing water demand due to many factors, e.g., population growth and socio-economic development. Adaptive water management plans, including both supply-side and demand-side measures, provide water supply utilities guidance during water shortage situations. Among those measures, short-term demand management, e.g., water restrictions for outdoor water use, has gained increasing popularity in reducing water consumption. One key to successful implementation of short-term demand management is to evaluate water saving potential from different water user groups. Evaluation results could facilitate developing effective public messages tailored for different groups of water users. In this study, single-family water consumption in the Tampa Bay Area, located at the west coast Florida in the United States, is analyzed. Different factors including precipitation, temperature, household income and water restrictions are examined through multiple linear regression. Water use data were segregated into five sub-groups based on median household income gathered at census block group level. Analyses using aggregated data reveal potential saving from water shortage based 2-day watering per week to 1-day watering per week is very limited (< 1%), although striking differences between potable water use in distinct socio-economic groups of water users is observed. Analyses based on segregated data found that saving potential for subgroups of water uses with high household income is larger. This result provides important information for water demand managers, considering development of tailored messages for distinct groups of water users to reduce water consumption during shortages. Application of results findings in designing and implementing a water shortage mitigation plan is discussed.

由于人口增长和社会经济发展等诸多因素，严重干旱和频繁干旱以及对水的需求增加，使水资源短缺变得更加频繁。适应性水管理计划，包括供应方和需求方措施，在缺水情况下为供水公用事业提供指导。在这些措施中，短期需求管理，例如室外用水的用水限制，在减少用水量方面越来越受欢迎。成功实施短期需求管理的关键之一是评估不同用水户群体的节水潜力。评价结果可以促进针对不同用水群体量身定制的有效公共信息。在这项研究中，坦帕湾地区的单户家庭用水量 对位于美国佛罗里达州西海岸的飞机进行了分析。通过多元线性回归分析了包括降水，温度，家庭收入和用水限制在内的不同因素。根据人口普查组一级家庭收入的中位数，将用水量数据分为五个子组。使用汇总数据进行的分析显示，从每周2天浇水到每周1天浇水的缺水潜力是非常有限的（<1％），尽管不同社会经济用水群体的饮用水使用之间存在显着差异观测到的。根据隔离数据进行的分析发现，家庭收入较高的用水子群体的节水潜力更大。这个结果为水需求管理者提供了重要的信息，考虑为不同的用水群体开发量身定制的消息，以减少水资源短缺期间的用水量。讨论了结果调查结果在设计和实施缺水缓解计划中的应用。