Biomimetic liquid lenses actuated by a laser beam: effects of evaporation and orientation to gravity,Molecular Systems Design & Engineering

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Biomimetic liquid lenses actuated by a laser beam: effects of evaporation and orientation to gravity
Molecular Systems Design & Engineering ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 , DOI: 10.1039/d0me00052c
Alexandr Malyuk _{1,

2,

3} , Natalia Ivanova _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Liquid lenses actuated by thermocapillary and solutocapillary forces via heating with a laser beam demonstrate a high level of adaptability. The focal length and the optical aperture are tuned by the variation of the refracting surface curvature and the base diameter of a liquid droplet in response to the change of the laser intensity. Depending on the properties of liquids and the actuating forces, the lenses can operate in both converging and diverging modes. However, evaporation caused by heating, and high sensitivity to gravity may restrict applicability of the lenses in complex optical devices. This paper presents an experimental study of the optical characteristics of lenses consisting of ethylene glycol and a binary mixture of ethylene glycol and ethyl alcohol under conditions of long-term operation, performing multiple focal adjustments and arbitrary orientation of the optical axis. We have shown that stable continuous lens operation with a constant focus and continuous switching between two values of the focal length lasts for several tens of minutes after accommodation depending on the laser power and the driving forces. Then, evaporation leads to an irreversible change in the optical characteristics of the lens. We have also established that liquid lenses retain their optical characteristics and stable position when tilted to the horizon to several tens of degrees. The results obtained give a reason to believe that the studied lenses have high potential for applications in consumer and industrial optical devices.

中文翻译：

由激光束致动的仿生液体透镜：蒸发和重力取向的影响

通过热毛细和solutocapillary力控液体透镜通过激光束加热显示出高度的适应性。响应于激光强度的变化，通过折射表面曲率和液滴的基径的变化来调节焦距和光学孔径。根据液体的性质和驱动力，透镜可以以会聚和发散两种模式工作。但是，由加热引起的蒸发以及对重力的高度敏感性可能会限制透镜在复杂光学设备中的适用性。本文对由乙二醇以及乙二醇和乙醇的二元混合物组成的镜片的光学特性进行了长期的实验研究，该镜片在长期运行条件下进行了多次焦距调节和光轴任意定向。我们已经证明，稳定的连续镜头操作，恒定的焦点以及在焦距的两个值之间的连续切换在适应后会持续数十分钟，具体取决于激光功率和驱动力。然后，蒸发导致透镜的光学特性发生不可逆的变化。我们还确定了液体透镜在向地平线倾斜数十度时仍保持其光学特性和稳定的位置。获得的结果使我们有理由相信所研究的透镜在消费类和工业光学设备中具有很高的应用潜力。

更新日期：2020-08-17

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