Abstract

Lipid–oligonucleotide conjugates (LONs) are powerful molecular-engineering materials for various applications ranging from biosensors to biomedicine. Their unique amphiphilic structures enable the self-assembly and the conveyance of information with high fidelity. In particular, LONs present remarkable potential in measuring cellular mechanical forces and monitoring cell behaviors. LONs are also essential sensing tools for intracellular imaging and have been employed in developing cell-surface-anchored DNA nanostructures for biomimetic-engineering studies. When incorporating therapeutic oligonucleotides or small-molecule drugs, LONs hold promise for targeted therapy. Moreover, LONs mediate the controllable assembly and fusion of vesicles based on DNA-strand displacements, contributing to nanoreactor construction and macromolecule delivery. In this review, we will summarize the general synthesis strategies of LONs, provide some characterization analysis and emphasize recent advances in bioanalytical and biomedical applications. We will also consider the relevant challenges and suggest future directions for building better functional LONs in nanotechnology and materials-science applications.

中文翻译：

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用于生物应用的脂质-寡核苷酸缀合物

 抽象的

脂质-寡核苷酸缀合物（LON）是强大的分子工程材料，适用于从生物传感器到生物医学的各种应用。它们独特的两亲结构能够实现自组装和高保真度的信息传递。特别是，LON 在测量细胞机械力和监测细胞行为方面具有显着的潜力。 LON 也是细胞内成像的重要传感工具，并已用于开发用于仿生工程研究的细胞表面锚定 DNA 纳米结构。当结合治疗性寡核苷酸或小分子药物时，LON 有望实现靶向治疗。此外，LON 基于 DNA 链位移介导囊泡的可控组装和融合，有助于纳米反应器的构建和大分子的递送。在这篇综述中，我们将总结 LON 的一般合成策略，提供一些表征分析，并强调生物分析和生物医学应用的最新进展。我们还将考虑相关挑战，并提出在纳米技术和材料科学应用中构建更好的功能性 LON 的未来方向。