We study the connection between the charging power of quantum batteries and the fluctuations of the work. We prove that in order to have a non-zero rate of change of the extractable work, the state ${\rho }_{𝒲}$ of the battery cannot be an eigenstate of a `’, defined by $ℱ\equiv H_{𝒲}+{\beta }^{-1}log({\rho }_{𝒲})$, where $H_{𝒲}$ is the Hamiltonian of the battery and $\beta$ is the inverse temperature of a reference thermal bath with respect to which the extractable work is calculated. We do so by proving that fluctuations in the upper bound the charging power of a quantum battery. Our findings also suggest that quantum coherence in the battery enhances the charging process, which we illustrate on a toy model of a heat engine.

中文翻译：

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可提取功的波动限制了量子电池的充电能力

我们研究了量子电池的充电功率与工作波动之间的联系。我们证明为了使可提取功的变化率非零，状态${\rho }_{𝒲}$ 的电池不能是“”的本征态，定义为 $ℱ\equiv H_{𝒲}+{\beta }^{-\mathrm{1个}}日志（{\rho }_{𝒲}）$，在哪里 $H_{𝒲}$ 是电池的哈密顿量， $\beta$是参考热浴的逆温度，相对于该温度计算可提取功。我们通过证明量子电池充电功率上限的波动来做到这一点。我们的发现还表明，电池中的量子相干性会增强充电过程，这在热机的玩具模型中得到了说明。