ABSTRACT Many volcanoes are buried within Te Riu-a-Māui/Zealandia sedimentary basins. Based on a large collection of seismic reflection and drillhole data, this paper outlines the morphology, location and age of over 400 volcanoes buried and preserved in offshore New Zealand basins. We discuss the relationships of these volcanoes to the timing and locations of the main tectonic events that shaped Zealandia in the last 105 Myr. Late Cretaceous volcanism mainly formed large (>20 km3) composite cones and volcanic complexes that erupted along rift faults related to the break-up of Zealandia from south-eastern Gondwana. Cenozoic intraplate volcanic activity was widespread, typically forming clusters of scattered small-volume (<1 km3) craters and cones. In contrast, large Cenozoic volcanic complexes, composite cones and shield volcanoes erupted along linear arcs associated with subduction along the Pacific-Australian plate boundary. In detail, the presence of pre-existing structures and types of host rocks also influence the passage of magma in the shallow (<5 km) crust and the location of eruptive centres, regardless the tectonic setting of eruption. Insights from this work demonstrate the value of characterising volcanoes buried in sedimentary basins for improved understanding of the interplay between volcanism and plate tectonics in Zealandia and further afield.

中文翻译：

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埋藏在 Te Riu-a-Māui/Zealandia 沉积盆地的火山

摘要 许多火山被埋在 Te Riu-a-Māui/Zealandia 沉积盆地内。基于大量地震反射和钻孔数据，本文概述了新西兰近海盆地中埋藏和保存的 400 多座火山的形态、位置和年龄。我们讨论了这些火山与在过去的 105 Myr 中塑造西兰迪亚的主要构造事件的时间和位置的关系。晚白垩世火山作用主要形成大型（> 20 km3）复合锥体和火山复合体，它们沿着与冈瓦纳东南部西兰西亚断裂有关的裂谷断层喷发。新生代板内火山活动很普遍，通常形成分散的小体积（<1 平方公里）火山口和锥体群。相比之下，大型新生代火山杂岩，复合锥体和盾状火山沿着与太平洋-澳大利亚板块边界俯冲相关的线性弧形喷发。具体而言，无论喷发的构造环境如何，预先存在的结构和主岩类型的存在也会影响浅层（<5 公里）地壳中岩浆的通过和喷发中心的位置。这项工作的见解证明了表征埋在沉积盆地中的火山对于更好地了解西兰西亚和更远地区火​​山活动与板块构造之间的相互作用的价值。无论喷发的构造环境如何。这项工作的见解证明了表征埋在沉积盆地中的火山对于更好地了解西兰西亚和更远地区火​​山活动与板块构造之间的相互作用的价值。无论喷发的构造环境如何。这项工作的见解证明了表征埋在沉积盆地中的火山对于更好地了解西兰西亚和更远地区火​​山活动与板块构造之间的相互作用的价值。