Abstract This work explores the diffusivity of a lanthanide complex, Eovist (Gadolinium-Ethoxy Benzyl Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate) that is stable in neutral media but is not in acidic environment. In the current work an acidic fruit model like pineapple that is rich in transition metals was used and a possible transmetallation reaction among Eovist and transition metal complexes was tested using X-ray imaging. Another goal of this work was to perturb the usual and the unusual photosynthesis systems that pineapple has maintained for millions of years during the evolution of circadian genes for efficient water conservation by dark photosynthesis. To detect such photosynthesis Near-infrared reflection spectroscopy was used for pineapple samples in a dark box, and to test if added lanthanide complex and preexisting transition metals in pineapple can affect such photosynthesis systems, X-ray imaging and Near-infrared reflection spectroscopy were performed pre and post infusion of Eovist in pineapple samples. Time series, low energy X-ray images showed heterogeneous distribution of Gadolinium at different locations in the pineapple samples. This could be explained if competing transition metal ions could steal Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate ligands from the inner sphere of Gadolinium altering the size and thus diffusivity of Gadolinium complex. Near-infrared data showed red-shifted peaks characteristic of dark photosynthesis, similar to ones observed in cyano bacteria, but did not show any noticeable shifts due to the infused Gadolinium complex. Transmetallation and ionic exchange in such unique model fruits may have scientific, medical and agricultural implications for efficient solar cells, tissue regeneration as well as enhanced plantation using high efficiency photosynthesis.

中文翻译：

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通过近红外和 X 射线成像绘制菠萝复杂离子和光合作用环境中的钆对比度

摘要 这项工作探索了在中性介质中稳定但在酸性环境中不稳定的镧系元素络合物 Eovist（钆-乙氧基苄基二亚乙基三胺五乙酸盐）的扩散性。在目前的工作中，使用了富含过渡金属的菠萝等酸性水果模型，并使用 X 射线成像测试了 Eovist 和过渡金属配合物之间可能的金属转移反应。这项工作的另一个目标是扰乱菠萝在通过暗光合作用进行有效节水的昼夜节律基因进化过程中维持了数百万年的常见和不寻常的光合作用系统。为了检测这种光合作用，近红外反射光谱用于暗箱中的菠萝样品，为了测试菠萝中添加的镧系元素络合物和预先存在的过渡金属是否会影响这种光合作用系统，在菠萝样品中注入 Eovist 前后进行了 X 射线成像和近红外反射光谱分析。时间序列、低能量 X 射线图像显示了菠萝样品中不同位置的钆的不均匀分布。如果竞争性过渡金属离子可以从钆的内球中窃取二亚乙基三胺五乙酸盐配体，从而改变钆络合物的尺寸和扩散率，则可以解释这一点。近红外数据显示了暗光合作用特征的红移峰，类似于在氰基细菌中观察到的峰，但由于注入的钆复合物没有显示任何明显的变化。