A global outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has infected millions of people over a short period of time. The communicability and increased mortality from the SARS-CoV-2 infection mandated the WHO to declare COVID-19 a worldwide pandemic. The virus outbreak has spread when there are no approved vaccines, treatments, or prophylactic therapies available. Researchers from all over the world have prioritised development of vaccines and antivirals. Several vaccine projects have seen successes in preclinical, phase I, and phase II clinical trials using recombinant DNA, mRNA, live attenuated virus, S-protein subunits, virus like particles, and viral vectors. Initial findings from antivirals such as remdesivir, favipiravir, danoprevir or lopinavir with ritonavir are presented. Immunomodulatory molecules such as sarilumab, tocilizumab, janus kinase inhibitors, and hyperimmune convalescent plasma have mixed outcomes from initial clinical findings; however, pending randomised controlled trials will assist national health institutions to make treatment recommendations for COVID-19. Where compassionate use of remdesivir has shown some benefits, therapies such as hydroxychloroquine have proven harmful due to their toxicities. This review discusses pharmacological interventions at play and evidence-based successes and limitations of non-pharmacological therapies such as social distancing, personal protective equipment, and ventilator support associated with the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

全球范围内爆发的SARS-CoV-2病毒在短时间内感染了数百万人。SARS-CoV-2感染的可传播性和死亡率增加，迫使世界卫生组织宣布COVID-19为世界性大流行。如果没有可用的批准的疫苗，治疗方法或预防性疗法，则病毒的爆发已经扩散。来自世界各地的研究人员已经优先开发疫苗和抗病毒药物。使用重组DNA，mRNA，减毒活病毒，S蛋白亚基，病毒样颗粒和病毒载体，一些疫苗项目在临床前，I期和II期临床试验中取得了成功。本文介绍了抗病毒药物如瑞德昔韦，favipiravir，达诺普韦或洛匹那韦与利托那韦的初步发现。免疫调节分子，例如sarilumab，tocilizumab，janus激酶抑制剂，从最初的临床发现来看，超免疫恢复期血浆的结果好坏参半。但是，尚待进行的随机对照试验将帮助国家卫生机构提出COVID-19的治疗建议。在富有同情心的使用瑞地昔韦显示出某些益处的地方，诸如羟氯喹之类的疗法由于其毒性已被证明是有害的。这篇综述讨论了正在发挥作用的药理学干预措施，以及基于证据的成功和非药理学治疗方法的局限性，例如与预防和治疗COVID-19相关的社会距离，个人防护设备和呼吸机支持。即将进行的随机对照试验将帮助国家卫生机构为COVID-19提出治疗建议。在富有同情心的使用瑞地昔韦显示出某些益处的地方，诸如羟氯喹之类的疗法由于其毒性已被证明是有害的。这篇综述讨论了正在发挥作用的药理学干预措施，以及基于证据的成功和非药理学治疗方法的局限性，例如与预防和治疗COVID-19相关的社会距离，个人防护设备和呼吸机支持。即将进行的随机对照试验将帮助国家卫生机构为COVID-19提出治疗建议。在富有同情心的使用瑞地昔韦显示出某些益处的地方，诸如羟氯喹之类的疗法由于其毒性已被证明是有害的。这篇综述讨论了正在发挥作用的药理学干预措施，以及基于证据的成功和非药理学治疗方法的局限性，例如与预防和治疗COVID-19相关的社会距离，个人防护设备和呼吸机支持。