In recent years, new geophysical phenomena have been observed in the high‐latitude regions of continental permafrost. Since 2014 new craters 10–20 m in diameter have been found within the Yamal Peninsula and neighboring regions. They are associated with the emissions of gases, which could have been formed during dissociation of relict gas hydrate deposits due to increases in soil temperature. This paper presents the results of numerical modeling of the thermal regime of permafrost in the north of Western Siberia with the assessment of methane hydrate stability zone under climate changes over the past 130,000 years. According to the results obtained, the upper boundary of the methane hydrate stability zone in Yamal could have reached the surface within the periods of glacial maxima (about 90,000 and 60,000 years ago). We show that at present in Yamal permafrost above the modern boundary of the stability zone, relic methane hydrates are likely to exist at depths of up to 100–150 m, they could have “survives” warming during the Holocene optimum about 6,000 years ago and remain in permafrost rocks under negative temperatures even under transgression and increased geothermal flux conditions.

中文翻译：

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亚马尔半岛多年冻土甲烷水合物稳定带的热态和演化模拟

近年来，在大陆多年冻土的高纬度地区发现了新的地球物理现象。自2014年以来，在亚马尔半岛及周边地区发现了直径10至20 m的新火山口。它们与气体的排放有关，而气体的排放可能是由于土壤温度升高而在残留气体水合物沉积物分解过程中形成的。本文介绍了西伯利亚西部北部多年冻土热状况的数值模拟结果，并评估了过去13万年来气候变化下的甲烷水合物稳定带。根据获得的结果，在冰川最大时期（大约90,000和60,000年前），亚马尔的甲烷水合物稳定区的上边界可能已经到达表面。