A physiologically based model of arousal dynamics is improved to incorporate the effects of the light spectrum on circadian phase resetting, melatonin suppression, and subjective sleepiness. To account for these nonvisual effects of light, melanopic irradiance replaces photopic illuminance that was used previously in the model. The dynamic circadian oscillator is revised according to the melanopic irradiance definition and tested against experimental circadian phase resetting dose‐response and phase response data. Melatonin suppression function is recalibrated against melatonin dose‐response data for monochromatic and polychromatic light sources. A new light‐dependent term is introduced into the homeostatic weight component of subjective sleepiness to represent the direct alerting effect of light; the new term responds to light change in a time‐dependent manner and is calibrated against experimental data. The model predictions are compared to a total of 14 experimental studies containing 26 data sets for 14 different spectral light profiles. The revised melanopic model shows on average 1.4 times lower prediction error for circadian phase resetting compared to the photopic‐based model, 3.2 times lower error for melatonin suppression, and 2.1 times lower error for subjective sleepiness. Overall, incorporating melanopic irradiance allowed simulation of wavelength‐dependent responses to light and could explain the majority of the observations. Moving forward, models of circadian phase resetting and the direct effects of light on alertness and sleep need to use nonvisual photoreception‐based measures of light, for example, melanopic irradiance, instead of the traditionally used illuminance based on the visual system.

中文翻译：

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模拟黑视素介导的光对昼夜节律相位、褪黑激素抑制和主观嗜睡的影响。

改进了基于生理的唤醒动力学模型，以结合光谱对昼夜节律相位重置、褪黑激素抑制和主观嗜睡的影响。为了解释光的这些非视觉效应，黑色素辐照度取代了先前在模型中使用的明视照度。动态昼夜节律振荡器根据黑色素辐照度定义进行修订，并针对实验性昼夜节律相位重置剂量响应和相位响应数据进行测试。褪黑激素抑制功能根据单色和多色光源的褪黑激素剂量反应数据重新校准。在主观嗜睡的稳态重量分​​量中引入了一个新的光依赖项，以表示光的直接警报作用；新术语以时间相关的方式响应光变化，并根据实验数据进行校准。将模型预测与总共 14 项实验研究进行比较，该实验研究包含 14 种不同光谱光分布的 26 个数据集。与基于明视的模型相比，修订后的黑色素模型显示昼夜节律相位重置的预测误差平均降低 1.4 倍，褪黑激素抑制的误差降低 3.2 倍，主观嗜睡的误差降低 2.1 倍。总体而言，结合黑色素辐照度可以模拟对光的波长依赖性响应，并且可以解释大多数观察结果。展望未来，昼夜节律相位重置模型以及光对警觉性和睡眠的直接影响需要使用基于非视觉光感受的光测量，例如黑色素辐照度，