Porous carbons derived from widely accessible, renewable, and low‐cost biomass are being extensively pursued as biocompatible electrode materials for next‐generation supercapacitors (SCs), but their practical application is being largely restricted by insufficient performance related to their powdery status. Herein, a porous carbon membrane (denoted as lettuce‐derived carbon membrane [LCM]) is developed by direct and controllable carbonization of biomass lettuce. By taking the advantages of the inherent microstructure and composition of the lettuce, the as‐fabricated LCM electrode is endowed with a large specific surface area, interconnected hierarchical pores, and multiheteroatom (N, P, and S) doping. The benefits originating from the structure synergy provide this LCM electrode excellent electrochemical performance in an aqueous symmetric SC, exhibiting a high specific capacitance of 213.4 F g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹, outstanding rate capability (78.6% capacitance retention at 10 A g⁻¹), and superior cycling stability (96.9% capacitance retention after 100 000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹) and unit Coulombic efficiency. Notably, the LCM‐based SC delivers the highest energy density of 7.41 Wh kg⁻¹ with a power density of 50.4 W kg⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹. This device‐compatible porous carbon membrane can be applied to other advanced energy‐storage and conversion devices with a high electrochemical performance.

中文翻译：

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基于生物质衍生的多杂原子自掺杂多孔碳膜的高性能水性超级电容器

作为下一代超级电容器（SC）的生物相容性电极材料，人们广泛追求了可广泛获取，可再生且低成本的生物质所产生的多孔碳，但由于其粉状状态而导致的性能不足，其实际应用受到很大限制。在此，通过对生物质生菜进行直接和可控制的碳化来开发多孔碳膜（称为生菜碳膜[LCM]）。利用生菜固有的微观结构和成分的优势，预制的LCM电极具有较大的比表面积，相互连接的分层孔以及多杂原子（N，P和S）掺杂。由结构协同作用产生的好处为该LCM电极在水对称SC中提供了出色的电化学性能，^-1 0.2 A G ^-1，杰出的速率能力（在10甲克78.6％容量保持^-1），和优异的循环稳定性（在5A克100 000次循环后96.9％的电容保持^-1和单元库仑效率）。值得注意的是，基于LCM的SC在0.2 A g ^-1时可提供7.41 Wh kg ^-1的最高能量密度和50.4 W kg ^-1的功率密度。这种与设备兼容的多孔碳膜可用于具有较高电化学性能的其他先进的储能和转换设备。