The temperature rise due to climate change is rendering many arctic and alpine plants at risk of extinction because their ability to react is outpaced by the speed of climate change. We discuss assisted species migration (ASM) and hybridization as methods to conserve cold-adapted species (or the genes thereof) and to minimize the potential perturbation of ecosystems due to climate change. ASM is the deliberate movement of individuals from their current location to where species' ecological requirements will be matched under climate projections. Hybridization refers to crossbreeding of closely related species, where for arctic and alpine plants, one parent is the threatened cold-adapted and the other its reproductively compatible, warm-adapted sibling. Traditionally, hybridization is viewed as negative and leading to a loss of biodiversity, even though hybridization has increased biodiversity over geological times. Furthermore, the incorporation of warm-adapted genes into a hybrid might be the only means for the persistence of an increasingly more maladapted cold-adapted species. If approached with thorough consideration of fitness-related parameters of the source population and the acknowledgement of the important role hybridization has played to shape the current biodiversity, ASM and hybridization could help save partial or whole genomes of key cold-adapted species at risk due to climate change with minimal negative effects on ecosystem functioning. Article Impact Statement: Assisted species migration and hybridization should be seen as positive mechanisms for saving some arctic and alpine plants, or genes thereof. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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协助物种迁移和杂交以保护气候变化下的冷适应植物

气候变化导致的温度升高使许多北极和高山植物面临灭绝的风险，因为它们的反应能力被气候变化的速度所超越。我们讨论了辅助物种迁移 (ASM) 和杂交作为保护冷适应物种（或其基因）和尽量减少气候变化对生态系统潜在扰动的方法。ASM 是个体从其当前位置故意移动到根据气候预测将与物种生态需求相匹配的位置。杂交是指密切相关物种的杂交，对于北极和高山植物，一个亲本是受威胁的寒冷适应者，另一个是繁殖相容、温暖适应的同胞。传统上，杂交被视为消极的，会导致生物多样性的丧失，尽管杂交在地质时期增加了生物多样性。此外，将温适应基因纳入杂种可能是使越来越不适应的冷适应物种持续存在的唯一手段。如果深入考虑源种群的适应度相关参数，并承认杂交在塑造当前生物多样性方面发挥的重要作用，ASM 和杂交可以帮助拯救处于危险中的关键冷适应物种的部分或整个基因组对生态系统功能产生最小负面影响的气候变化。文章影响声明：辅助物种迁移和杂交应被视为拯救一些北极和高山植物或其基因的积极机制。本文受版权保护。版权所有。