Rearing rodents in an enriched environment (EE), with increased sensory stimulations and social interactions, is a well-established model for naturally increasing neural activity. It is well-known that EE-rearing of rodents from adolescence or during adulthood leads to extensive biochemical, morphological, electrophysiological and behavioral changes. Here, we examine the effects of EE-rearing from birth on adult behavior. Through a battery of assays, we found that mice EE-reared from birth had better acquisition and consolidation of memory, in both aversive-based fear conditioning and reward-based contextual association tasks. Moreover, EE-reared mice showed reduced anxiety in novel environments and enhanced social interactions. Together, these results demonstrated that EE-rearing from birth significantly improved motor ability, learning and memory and sociability, while reducing anxiety. A better understanding of how early environmental influences affect behavior is not only important for understanding neural circuit wiring, but also provides insight into developing more effective intervention programs for neurodevelopmental disorders.

在丰富的环境（EE）中饲养啮齿动物，并增加其感官刺激和社交互动，这是自然增加的神经活动的公认模型。众所周知，啮齿动物从青春期或成年期间的EE饲养会导致广泛的生化，形态，电生理和行为变化。在这里，我们研究了从出生开始养育EE对成人行为的影响。通过一系列分析，我们发现，从厌食中出生的EE小鼠在基于厌恶的恐惧条件和基于奖励的情境关联任务中，具有更好的获取和巩固记忆的能力。此外，EE饲养的小鼠在新型环境中表现出减少的焦虑感，并增强了社交互动。总之，这些结果表明，从出生起养育EE可以显着改善运动能力，学习，记忆和社交能力，同时减少焦虑。更好地了解早期环境影响如何影响行为，不仅对于理解神经回路的布线很重要，而且还有助于深入了解开发针对神经发育障碍的更有效干预方案。