Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a beta coronavirus that causes infectious respiratory disease, named as coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). While extensive studies have provided basic information on clinical characteristics of COVID-19, the disease pathology is not fully known. The SARS-CoV-2 virus structural studies and biochemical experiments have also indicated that the virus receptor-binding domain (RBD) binds with a high affinity to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor from humans; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Hereunder, a summary of relevant findings in the SARS-CoV-2 virus pathology and major pathogenicity mechanisms are discussed. This review of studies provides additional enlightenments on the way forward to prevent further spread or even cure for the SARS-CoV-2 virus-caused COVID-19 disease, either-or should a similar viral plague occur in the future.

Impact statement

The current survey of studies outlines the direct and indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the specific body systems and summarizes the SARS-CoV-2 main pathogenicity mechanisms that require attention during patient hospitalization and for further research.

中文翻译：

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严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的病理学和致病性。

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 是一种可引起传染性呼吸道疾病的 β 冠状病毒，被命名为 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19)。虽然大量研究提供了有关 COVID-19 临床特征的基本信息，但疾病病理学尚不完全清楚。SARS-CoV-2病毒结构研究和生化实验还表明，病毒受体结合结构域（RBD）与人类血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE-2）受体具有高亲和力；然而，其机制仍不清楚。下面，总结讨论 SARS-CoV-2 病毒病理学和主要致病机制的相关发现。这项研究综述为防止 SARS-CoV-2 病毒引起的 COVID-19 疾病进一步传播甚至治愈提供了更多启示，无论将来是否发生类似的病毒瘟疫。

影响报告

目前的研究概述了SARS-CoV-2对特定身体系统的直接和间接影响，并总结了患者住院期间需要关注和进一步研究的SARS-CoV-2主要致病机制。