Hot Wires and Film Boiling: Another Look at Carbonyl Formation in Electronic Cigarettes.,Chemical Research in Toxicology

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Hot Wires and Film Boiling: Another Look at Carbonyl Formation in Electronic Cigarettes.
Chemical Research in Toxicology ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00196
Soha Talih _{1,

2} , Rola Salman _{1,

2} , Ebrahim Karam _{1,

2} , Mario El-Hourani _{1,

2} , Rachel El-Hage _{2,

3} , Nareg Karaoghlanian _{1,

2} , Ahmad El-Hellani _{2,

3} , Najat Saliba _{2,

3} , Alan Shihadeh _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are a class of tobacco products that emit a nicotine-containing aerosol by heating and vaporizing a liquid. Apart from initiating nicotine addiction in nonsmokers, a persistent concern about these products is that their emissions often include high levels of carbonyl species, toxicants thought to cause most noncancer pulmonary diseases in smokers. This study examined whether the phenomenon of film boiling can account for observations of high carbonyl emissions under certain operating conditions and, if so, whether film boiling theory can be invoked to predict conditions where high carbonyl emissions are likely. We measured the critical heat flux for several common heating materials and liquids and carbonyl emissions for several ECIG types while varying the power. We found that emissions rise drastically whenever the power exceeds the value corresponding to the critical heat flux. While limiting the heat flux to below this threshold can greatly reduce carbonyl exposure, ECIG manufacturer operating instructions often exceed it. Product regulations that limit heat flux may reduce the public health burden of electronic cigarette use.

中文翻译：

热丝和薄膜沸腾：电子烟中羰基形成的另一种观察。

电子烟（ECIG）是一类通过加热和蒸发液体而释放出含尼古丁气溶胶的烟草产品。除了引发非吸烟者尼古丁成瘾之外，人们对这些产品的持续担忧是，它们的排放物通常含有高含量的羰基物质，这些有毒物质被认为会导致吸烟者的大多数非癌症肺部疾病。这项研究检验了薄膜沸腾现象是否可以解释在某些操作条件下观察到的高羰基排放，如果可以，是否可以援引薄膜沸腾理论来预测可能出现高羰基排放的条件。我们测量了几种常见加热材料和液体的临界热通量以及几种 ECIG 类型在改变功率时的羰基排放量。我们发现，每当功率超过临界热通量对应的值时，排放量就会急剧上升。虽然将热通量限制在该阈值以下可以大大减少羰基暴露，但 ECIG 制造商的操作说明经常超出该阈值。限制热通量的产品法规可能会减轻电子烟使用的公众健康负担。

更新日期：2020-08-17

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