We investigate the properties of quantized vortices in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensed gas by means of a generalised Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The size of the vortex core hugely increases by increasing the weight of the dipolar interaction, approaching the transition to the supersolid phase. The critical angular velocity for the existence of an energetically stable vortex decreases in the supersolid, due to the reduced value of the density in the interdroplet region. The angular momentum per particle associated with the vortex line is shown to be smaller than $\hslash$, reflecting the reduction of the global superfluidity. The real-time vortex nucleation in a rotating trap is shown to be triggered, as for a standard condensate, by the softening of the quadrupole mode. For large angular velocities, when the distance between vortices becomes comparable to the interdroplet distance, the vortices are arranged into a honeycomb structure, which coexists with the triangular geometry of the supersolid lattice and persists during the free expansion of the atomic cloud.

中文翻译：

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偶极超固体玻色-爱因斯坦冷凝气体中的量化涡旋

我们通过广义Gross-Pitaevskii方程，研究了偶极玻色-爱因斯坦冷凝气体中量化涡旋的性质。涡核的大小通过增加偶极相互作用的权重而大大增加，接近过渡到超固相。由于液滴间区域的密度值减小，在能量上稳定的涡旋存在的临界角速度在超固体中减小。与涡旋线相关联的每个粒子的角动量显示为小于$\hslash$，反映了全球超流动性的减少。对于标准凝结水，通过四极杆模式的软化，可以触发旋转陷阱中的实时涡旋形核。对于大的角速度，当涡旋之间的距离变得与液滴间的距离相当时，涡旋被排列成蜂窝结构，该蜂窝结构与超固体晶格的三角形几何形状共存，并且在原子云的自由膨胀期间持续存在。