Vitamin E is known to scavenge lipid peroxy radicals and has a purported role in preventing seed deterioration during storage. In our previous studies using 20 rice varieties from different variety groups, the specific ratio of vitamin E homologues rather than total vitamin E content was associated with seed longevity. To validate this result, we extended the experiment to a rice panel composed of 185 Aus (semi-wild rice) varieties. Seed longevity values were determined through storage experiments at 45°C and 10.9% seed moisture content (MC). Eight types of vitamin E homologues (α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherol/tocotrienol) were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The theoretical initial viability in NED, Ki, was positively correlated with γ- and δ-tocopherols and negatively correlated with α-tocotrienol. The time for viability to fall to 50% during storage at elevated temperature and relative humidity, p50, was positively correlated with δ-tocopherol. The harvest MC was negatively correlated with all seed longevity traits. Taking this factor into account in a genome-wide association (GWA) analysis, we were able to correct false positives. A consistent major peak on chromosome 4 associated with −σ−1 was detected with a mixed linear analysis. Based on rice genome annotation and gene network ontology databases, we suggest that RNA modification, oxidation–reduction, protein–protein interactions and abscisic acid signal transduction play roles in seed longevity extension of Aus rice. Although major GWA regions were not overlapped across traits, three genetic markers, on chromosomes 1, 3 and 4, were associated with both δ-tocopherol and Ki and two markers on chromosome 1 and 8 were associated with both δ-tocopherol and p50.

中文翻译：

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不同澳大利亚水稻品种中与种子寿命和维生素 E 相关的遗传标记

已知维生素 E 可清除脂质过氧自由基，并据称在防止种子在储存期间变质方面发挥作用。在我们之前使用来自不同品种组的 20 个水稻品种的研究中，维生素 E 同源物的特定比例而不是总维生素 E 含量与种子寿命有关。为了验证这一结果，我们将实验扩展到由 185 个 Aus（半野生稻）品种组成的水稻组。种子寿命值通过在 45°C 和 10.9% 种子水分含量 (MC) 下的储存实验确定。通过超高效液相色谱法对八种维生素 E 同系物（α-、β-、γ-和 δ-生育酚/生育三烯酚）进行了定量。NED中的理论初始生存能力，ķ一世, 与 γ- 和 δ- 生育酚呈正相关，与 α-生育三烯酚呈负相关。在升高的温度和相对湿度下储存期间生存力下降至 50% 的时间，p50, 与 δ-生育酚呈正相关。收获MC与所有种子寿命性状呈负相关。在全基因组关联 (GWA) 分析中考虑到这一因素，我们能够纠正误报。与 -σ 相关的 4 号染色体上的一致主峰-1用混合线性分析检测。基于水稻基因组注释和基因网络本体数据库，我们认为RNA修饰、氧化还原、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和脱落酸信号转导在Aus水稻种子寿命延长中发挥作用。尽管主要的 GWA 区域在性状之间没有重叠，但染色体 1、3 和 4 上的三个遗传标记与 δ-生育酚和ķ一世1 号和 8 号染色体上的两个标记与 δ-生育酚和p50.