This paper focuses on the estimation of the maximum impact force of dry granular flow upon a rock shed using a coupled discrete element method (DEM) and finite element method (FEM). The dry granular flow is modeled as an assembly of discrete particles, and the rock shed is modeled by applying the FEM. The coupled DEM–FEM approach calibrated with a small-scale physical experiment is used to simulate the movement of a dry granular flow impacting the rock shed. Full-scale numerical modeling based on the field model is constructed to estimate the maximum impact force of dry granular flow on a rock shed. Based on the numerical results, three key stages of the impact process are identified: startup streams slippery, impact, and pile-up. The sensitivities of bulk density, impact height, slope angle, cushion thickness, and friction coefficient to the maximum impact force are 1, 0.63, 2.68, 0.09, and 0.73, respectively, in the benchmark model, and the parameters with high sensitivities should be given priority in the design of rock sheds. Moreover, an evaluation formula of maximum impact force is obtained and based on the numerical results and Buckingham’s principle.

本文着眼于使用耦合离散元方法（DEM）和有限元方法（FEM）估算干颗粒流对岩石棚的最大冲击力。干颗粒流被建模为离散颗粒的集合，而岩石棚则通过应用有限元建模。用小规模物理实验校准的耦合DEM-FEM方法用于模拟干燥颗粒流对岩石棚的运动。建立基于现场模型的全尺寸数值模型，以估算干燥颗粒流对岩石棚的最大冲击力。根据数值结果，确定了冲击过程的三个关键阶段：启动流滑滑，冲击和堆积。堆积密度，冲击高度，倾斜角度，垫层厚度，在基准模型中，对最大冲击力的摩擦系数分别为1、0.63、2.68、0.09和0.73，在设计大棚时应优先考虑敏感性高的参数。此外，基于数值结果和白金汉原理，获得了最大冲击力的评估公式。