Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-assisted phytoremediation is a promising technology for sustainable removal of hazardous pollutants like dioxins/furans (PCDD/F) from the soil. However, little is known on AMF development in the presence of the persistent organic pollutants, PCDD/F. Thus, the present work aims at investigating the impact of increasing PCDD/F concentrations on the development of both partners of the symbiosis: the AMF, Rhizophagus irregularis and the chicory roots, Cichorium intybus L. grown under axenic conditions. Our results show that even R. irregularis spore germination is not affected by PCDD/F, it occurred mainly in linear way. However, root colonization, extra-radical hyphal elongation and sporulation are reduced by 40, 30, and 75%, respectively, at the highest PCDD/F concentration. In addition, while non-mycorrhizal root growth (length and dry weight) decreased at the highest PCDD/F concentration, no negative effect was observed on the dry weight of mycorrhizal roots. In conclusion, our findings show that although high PCDD/F concentrations disturb the main stages of R. irregularis development, the AMF remains able to fulfill its life cycle in the presence of PCDD/F. Moreover, the mycorrhizal inoculation protects the host plant against PCDD/F phytotoxicity. AMF could thus represent an interesting amendment option to assist phytoremediation of PCDD/F contaminated soils.

 抽象的

丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 辅助的植物修复是一种有前景的技术，可可持续去除土壤中的二恶英/呋喃 (PCDD/F) 等有害污染物。然而，人们对在持久性有机污染物 PCDD/F 存在下 AMF 的开发知之甚少。因此，目前的工作旨在研究增加 PCDD/F 浓度对共生双方发育的影响：AMF、不规则根霉和在无菌条件下生长的菊苣根、菊苣根。我们的结果表明，即使是R.不规则孢子萌发也不受PCDD/F的影响，它主要以线性方式发生。然而，在最高 PCDD/F 浓度下，根定殖、超自由基菌丝伸长和孢子形成分别减少 40%、30% 和 75%。此外，虽然在最高 PCDD/F 浓度下非菌根根生长（长度和干重）下降，但未观察到对菌根根干重的负面影响。总之，我们的研究结果表明，尽管高 PCDD/F 浓度扰乱了不规则红藻发育的主要阶段，但 AMF 在 PCDD/F 存在的情况下仍然能够完成其生命周期。此外，菌根接种可保护宿主植物免受 PCDD/F 植物毒性。因此，AMF 可能是一种有趣的修正方案，有助于 PCDD/F 污染土壤的植物修复。