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Reevaluating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Essentiality in Rainbow Trout
North American Journal of Aquaculture ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-23 , DOI: 10.1002/naaq.10133
Kelli J. Barry 1 , Jesse T. Trushenski 1
Affiliation  

The National Research Council (NRC) reports that the essential fatty acid requirements of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss can be satisfied by 0.7–1.0% 18:3(n‐3) or 0.4–0.5% n‐3 long‐chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; defined by NRC as 20:5[n‐3] + 22:6[n‐3]) in the diet. These requirements were defined roughly 50 years ago and do not consider the importance of n‐6 PUFAs in the diet. Therefore, we assessed survival, growth performance, and tissue fatty acid composition of juvenile Rainbow Trout (mean initial weight ± SE = 24.6 ± 0.1 g; 10 fish/tank, 4 tanks/diet) that were fed experimental diets (53% protein; 13% lipid) containing fish oil, fully hydrogenated soybean oil, or fully hydrogenated soybean oil with five different combinations of fatty acid ethyl esters (18:2[n‐6], 18:3[n‐3], 20:4[n‐6], 20:5[n‐3], and 22:6[n‐3]) to illuminate the relative essentiality of n‐3 and n‐6 PUFAs. Final individual weight (78.2–132 g), weight gain (216–433%), feed conversion ratio (0.93–1.42), specific growth rate (2.05–2.98% body weight/d), and hepatosomatic index (1.4–2.1) were significantly affected by dietary treatment whereby Rainbow Trout that received the fish oil‐based diet outperformed all other treatments. Growth of fish that were given different combinations of fatty acid ethyl esters was not statistically different. Fatty acid tissue composition generally reflected dietary treatment, with the greatest profile changes observed in intraperitoneal fat, fillet, and liver and the smallest changes occurring in brain and eye tissues. Results largely validate previous reports indicating that Rainbow Trout are physiologically able to synthesize LC‐PUFAs from C18 PUFAs and therefore do not necessarily require LC‐PUFA‐rich feeds. However, numeric increases in the growth of Rainbow Trout suggest that this species achieves an energetic advantage if offered n‐3 and n‐6 LC‐PUFAs in the diet.

中文翻译:

重新评估虹鳟鱼中的多不饱和脂肪酸必要性

国家研究委员会(NRC)报告说,虹鳟Onkihynchus mykiss的必需脂肪酸要求可以通过0.7–1.0%18:3(n-3)或0.4–0.5%n-3长链(LC)多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA;由NRC定义为20:5 [n-3] + 22 :6 [n-3])。这些要求是在50年前定义的,没有考虑到饮食中n-6 PUFA的重要性。因此,我们评估了喂食实验饮食(53%蛋白质;平均鱼体重±SE = 24.6±0.1 g; 10条鱼/罐,4箱/饮食)的幼体虹鳟的存活率,生长性能和组织脂肪酸组成。含有13%的脂质),鱼油,完全氢化的大豆油或完全氢化的大豆油以及五种脂肪酸乙酯的不同组合(18:2 [n-6],18:3 [n-3],20:4 [ [n-6],20:5 [n-3]和22:6 [n-3])来说明n-3和n-6 PUFA的相对重要性。最终个人体重(78.2–132克),体重增加(216–433%),饲料处理对饲料转化率(0.93–1.42),比生长速率(2.05–2.98%体重/ d)和肝体指数(1.4–2.1)的影响显着,因此接受鱼油基饮食的Rainbow Trout的表现优于所有其他治疗。给予不同脂肪酸乙酯组合的鱼的生长没有统计学差异。脂肪酸组织组成通常反映了饮食治疗,在腹膜内脂肪,鱼片和肝脏中观察到的轮廓变化最大,而在脑和眼组织中发生的变化最小。结果在很大程度上验证了以前的报道,表明Rainbow Trout在生理上能够从C合成LC-PUFA。1)受到饮食治疗的显着影响,接受鱼油基饮食的虹鳟鱼的表现优于所有其他治疗方法。给予不同脂肪酸乙酯组合的鱼的生长没有统计学差异。脂肪酸组织组成通常反映了饮食治疗,在腹膜内脂肪,鱼片和肝脏中观察到的轮廓变化最大,而在脑和眼组织中发生的变化最小。结果在很大程度上验证了先前的报道,表明Rainbow Trout在生理上能够从C合成LC-PUFA。1)受到饮食治疗的显着影响,接受鱼油基饮食的虹鳟鱼的表现优于所有其他治疗方法。给予不同脂肪酸乙酯组合的鱼的生长没有统计学差异。脂肪酸组织组成通常反映了饮食治疗,在腹膜内脂肪,鱼片和肝脏中观察到的轮廓变化最大,而在脑和眼组织中发生的变化最小。结果在很大程度上验证了以前的报道,表明Rainbow Trout在生理上能够从C合成LC-PUFA。脂肪酸组织组成通常反映了饮食治疗,在腹膜内脂肪,鱼片和肝脏中观察到的轮廓变化最大,而在脑和眼组织中发生的变化最小。结果在很大程度上验证了以前的报道,表明Rainbow Trout在生理上能够从C合成LC-PUFA。脂肪酸组织组成通常反映了饮食治疗,在腹膜内脂肪,鱼片和肝脏中观察到的轮廓变化最大,而在脑和眼组织中发生的变化最小。结果在很大程度上验证了以前的报道,表明Rainbow Trout在生理上能够从C合成LC-PUFA。18 PUFA,因此不一定需要富含LC-PUFA的供料。但是,虹鳟鱼的生长数量增加表明,如果在饮食中提供n-3和n-6 LC-PUFA,该物种将获得能量优势。
更新日期:2019-12-23
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