Genomic architectural variation of plant mitochondria—A review of multichromosomal structuring,Journal of Systematics and Evolution

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Genomic architectural variation of plant mitochondria—A review of multichromosomal structuring
Journal of Systematics and Evolution ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-08 , DOI: 10.1111/jse.12655
Zhi‐Qiang Wu ₁ , Xue‐Zhu Liao ₁ , Xiao‐Ni Zhang ₁ , Luke R. Tembrock ₂ , Amanda Broz ₃

Affiliation

Since the endosymbiont origin from α-Proteobacteria, mitochondrial genomes have undergone extremely divergent evolutionary trajectories among eukaryotic lineages. Compared with the relatively compact and conserved animal mitochondrial genomes, plant mitochondrial genomes have many unique features, especially their large and complex genomic arrangements. The sizes of fully sequenced plant mitochondrial genomes span over a 100-fold range from 66 kb in Viscum scurruloideum to 11 000 kb in Silene conica. In addition to the typical circular structure, some species of plants also possess linear, and even multichromosomal, architectures. In contrast with the thousands of fully sequenced animal mitochondrial genomes and plant plastid genomes, only around 200 fully sequenced land plant mitochondrial genomes have been published, with many being only draft assemblies. In this review, we summarize some of the known novel characteristics found in plant mitochondrial genomes, with special emphasis on multichromosomal structures described in recent publications. Finally, we discuss the future prospects for studying the inheritance patterns of multichromosomal plant mitochondria and examining architectural variation at different levels of taxonomic organization—including at the population level.

中文翻译：

植物线粒体的基因组结构变异——多染色体结构综述

自从 α-变形菌的内共生体起源以来，线粒体基因组在真核生物谱系中经历了极其不同的进化轨迹。与相对紧凑和保守的动物线粒体基因组相比，植物线粒体基因组具有许多独特的特征，尤其是它们庞大而复杂的基因组排列。完全测序的植物线粒体基因组的大小跨越 100 倍范围，从Viscum scurruloideum的 66 kb 到Silene conica的 11 000 kb. 除了典型的圆形结构外，一些植物种类还具有线性结构，甚至是多染色体结构。与数千个完全测序的动物线粒体基因组和植物质体基因组相比，仅发表了大约 200 个完全测序的陆地植物线粒体基因组，其中许多只是草稿组装。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在植物线粒体基因组中发现的一些已知的新特征，特别强调了最近出版物中描述的多染色体结构。最后，我们讨论了研究多染色体植物线粒体的遗传模式和检查不同分类组织水平（包括种群水平）的结构变异的未来前景。

更新日期：2020-07-08

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