Abstract As a promising climate change mitigation technology, radiative cooling presents an economical and environmental-friendly approach to alleviate cities from overheating and urban heat island. Based on the fundamental theory, this study comprehensively reviews the materials composition and nano/microstructures underlying the radiative cooling technology. The study summarizes the primary six properties of the selective emitting material, reflecting material, back-mirror material, matrix material, insulation material and dynamic switching material, in terms of their morphologies, substrates, properties, and performances. The configuration of radiative cooling systems mostly follows the two essential designs, namely “multi-layered structures” composed of multiple continuous nano/micro-layers or “nano/micro-particle structures” consisting of discrete nano/microparticles or a combination of both. Cooling potential and end-applications on buildings were reviewed, including cool roofs, PV cooling and water cooling. At the end of this review, we present our recommendations on the combining “multilayer” and “nanostructure” designs for better design radiative cooling composites from a materialistic perspective. Unlike previous studies, our review provides a unique overview of nanomaterials and composite structures, leading to better design configuration and optimisation of radiative cooling end-applications.

中文翻译：

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建筑物辐射冷却结构的材料透视

摘要 作为一种有前景的减缓气候变化技术，辐射冷却是缓解城市过热和城市热岛问题的一种经济且环保的方法。本研究基于基本理论，全面回顾了辐射冷却技术背后的材料成分和纳米/微结构。该研究总结了选择性发光材料、反射材料、背镜材料、基体材料、绝缘材料和动态开关材料的六种主要特性，分别从形态、基材、性能和性能等方面进行了总结。辐射冷却系统的配置主要遵循两个基本设计，即由多个连续纳米/微米层组成的“多层结构”或由离散纳米/微粒或两者组合组成的“纳米/微粒结构”。审查了建筑物的冷却潜力和最终应用，包括冷却屋顶、光伏冷却和水冷却。在本次审查的最后，我们从材料的角度提出了我们关于结合“多层”和“纳米结构”设计以更好地设计辐射冷却复合材料的建议。与之前的研究不同，我们的评论提供了对纳米材料和复合结构的独特概述，从而导致更好的设计配置和辐射冷却终端应用的优化。光伏冷却和水冷。在本次审查的最后，我们从材料的角度提出了我们关于结合“多层”和“纳米结构”设计以更好地设计辐射冷却复合材料的建议。与之前的研究不同，我们的评论提供了对纳米材料和复合结构的独特概述，从而导致更好的设计配置和辐射冷却终端应用的优化。光伏冷却和水冷。在本次审查的最后，我们从材料的角度提出了我们关于结合“多层”和“纳米结构”设计以更好地设计辐射冷却复合材料的建议。与之前的研究不同，我们的评论提供了对纳米材料和复合结构的独特概述，从而导致更好的设计配置和辐射冷却终端应用的优化。