Abstract We describe a new phenomenon related to language comprehension and memory: the Linguistic Looming Effect (LLE). The perceptual looming bias is the finding that objects approaching the self grab attention and generate quick adaptive action, such as avoidance of the object ( Neuhoff, 2018 ). The LLE is the finding that sentences that describe concrete objects or abstract entities moving toward the self are processed more quickly and remembered better than sentences describing motion of objects or abstract entities away from the self. The first three experiments of the present research describe the LLE as observed in experiments designed to examine the action-sentence compatibility effect, or ACE ( Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002 ) and its consequences for long-term memory. The fourth experiment was specifically designed to generate an LLE in the absence of two potential confounds, and the results again showed the effect. The fifth experiment served to replicate the effect and to analyze its occurrence when sentences with a third-person perspective were used. The LLE is discussed in relation to prior empirical findings, and it is interpreted in the light of theoretical frameworks related to the embodied approach to cognition and the role played by the self in the processing and remembering of information.

中文翻译：

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语言学效应

摘要 我们描述了一种与语言理解和记忆相关的新现象：语言隐约效应 (LLE)。感知隐约偏差是发现接近自我的物体会吸引注意力并产生快速的自适应动作，例如避开物体（Neuhoff，2018）。LLE 是发现描述具体物体或抽象实体朝向自我移动的句子比描述物体或抽象实体远离自我的运动的句子处理得更快，记忆力更好。本研究的前三个实验描述了在旨在检查动作-句子相容性效应或 ACE (Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002) 及其对长期记忆的后果的实验中观察到的 LLE。第四个实验专门设计用于在没有两种潜在混淆的情况下生成 LLE，结果再次显示了效果。第五个实验用于复制效果并分析使用具有第三人称视角的句子时其发生的情况。LLE 的讨论与先前的经验发现有关，并根据与认知的具身方法和自我在信息处理和记忆中所扮演的角色相关的理论框架进行解释。