The objectives of this research are: identify the hydrocarbons in water from the Bitzal River, Tabasco; select a carbon source that serves as a representative substrate of the determined compounds; and finally, design an experimental proposal for bioreactors that are capable of consuming compounds formed by complex mixtures and, therefore be effective in the elimination of specific hydrocarbons. We identified 16 compounds that belong to different hydrocarbon fractions. Pentacene (24.3 ± 0.09 mg L⁻¹), n-nonane (2.11 ± 0.96 mg L⁻¹) and benzo [a] pyrene (1.39 ± 0.57 mg L⁻¹) were the compounds with the highest concentrations in water. Two culture media, mineral medium and seawater were used. Diesel and Mayan crude oil were used for each culture medium, with a total of four bioreactors. Diesel represented light- and medium-fraction hydrocarbons, while Mayan crude oil represented the heavy fraction as well as the recalcitrant and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The maximum growth of suspended solids for diesel in mineral medium reached 2.95 g L⁻¹, and diesel was completely consumed in 8 days. In seawater, suspended solids for diesel reached 2.70 g L⁻¹, and diesel was consumed in 12 days. For Mayan crude oil in mineral medium, suspended solids increased from 0.8 to 2.41 g L⁻¹, and Mayan crude oil was completely consumed in 12 days. Using seawater, Mayan crude oil also degraded in 12 days, and suspended solids growth reached 2.11 g L⁻¹. Compounds that simulate complex mixtures of hydrocarbons from light to heavy fractions could be degraded, and the use of bioreactors is an alternative method of hydrocarbon pollution remediation in the Bitzal River.

这项研究的目的是：确定塔巴斯科州比扎尔河水中的碳氢化合物；选择碳源作为所确定化合物的代表性底物；最后，为生物反应器设计一个实验方案，该方案能够消耗由复杂混合物形成的化合物，因此可以有效消除特定的烃类。我们确定了属于不同烃类馏分的16种化合物。并五苯（24.3±0.09 mg L ^-1），正壬烷（2.11±0.96 mg L ^-1）和苯并[a] pyr（1.39±0.57 mg L ^-1）是水中浓度最高的化合物。使用两种培养基，矿物培养基和海水。每种培养基均使用柴油和玛雅原油，共有四个生物反应器。柴油代表轻馏分和中等馏分的烃，而玛雅原油则代表重馏分以及顽固的多环芳烃（PAH）。矿物介质中柴油悬浮固体的最大生长量达到2.95 g L ^-1，柴油在8天内被完全消耗。在海水中，用于柴油的悬浮固体达到2.70 g L ^-1，并且在12天之内消耗了柴油。对于矿物介质中的玛雅原油，悬浮固体从0.8升至2.41 g L ^-1，玛雅原油在12天内被完全消耗掉。使用海水，玛雅原油也会在12天之内降解，悬浮固体的增长达到2.11 g L ^-1。模拟从轻质到重质碳氢化合物的复杂混合物的化合物可能会降解，使用生物反应器是在Bitzal河中修复碳氢化合物污染的另一种方法。